腐胺对枫桦和欧洲白桦嫩枝扦插生根及根茎养分含量的影响  

Effects of putrescine treatments on rhizogenesis and nutrient contents of Betula costata and Betula pendula cuttings

作　　者：周思雨 申方圆 常雪薇 李春明 初冬[4] 杨立学 ZHOU Siyu;SHEN Fangyuan;CHANG Xuewei;LI Chunming;CHU Dong;YANG Lixue(College of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China;Engineering and Technology Research Centre for Northeast Native Tree Species-National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China;Heilongjiang Coen Environmental Restoration Development Co.,Ltd,Harbin 150090,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [2]东北林业大学森林生态系统可持续经营教育部重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [3]东北林业大学国家林业草原东北乡土树种工程技术研究中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150040 [4]黑龙江库恩环境修复开发有限公司,黑龙江哈尔滨150090

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2023年第2期67-75,共9页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划省级资金资助项目(GX18B031);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2572020DR05,2572019CP16);黑龙江头雁创新团队计划项目(森林资源高效培育技术研发团队)。

摘　　要：【目的】枫桦和欧洲白桦作为用材林、土壤修复和城市绿化的优良树种,具有重要的经济和生态价值,优树嫩枝扦插是加快枫桦和欧洲白桦良种快速扩繁的重要途径,腐胺作为一类具有高生物活性的含氮碱与插穗生根关系密切,近年来受到诸多学者关注。研究腐胺对2个树种嫩枝扦插生根过程中的根系性状和根茎非结构化碳水化合物含量变化的影响,探讨其对2个树种嫩枝扦插生根作用效果的最佳浓度。【方法】以同家系枫桦和欧洲白桦2年生嫩枝为试验材料,设置不同浓度梯度T1、T2、T3(500、1000、1500 mg·L^(-1))的腐胺溶液浸泡组和对照组(CK1和CK2)处理,测定插穗不定根生根率、生根数、根长、根质量和根茎非结构化碳水化合物含量,通过方差分析、相关性分析和隶属函数分析揭示腐胺对2个树种插穗生根和养分含量的影响。【结果】腐胺对枫桦扦插生根促进效果最适浓度为500 mg·L^(-1),生根率达26.7%,生根数达5.3个,平均根长达9.4 cm;对欧洲白桦的最佳浓度为1000 mg·L^(-1),生根率达42.7%,生根数达6.7个,平均根长达6.5 cm。而对于根茎非结构化碳水化合物含量,1000 mg·L^(-1)浓度腐胺对枫桦根茎非结构化碳水化合物含量提升整体效果最佳,500 mg·L^(-1)浓度腐胺对欧洲白桦根茎非结构化碳水化合物含量的促进效果更好。【结论】腐胺浓度是影响2个树种扦插生根特性的关键因素,与传统处理方法ABT(生根粉)或IBA(吲哚丁酸)相比,腐胺不仅显著促进了2个树种插穗生根率、根长、根质量等性质,还对根茎非结构化碳水化合物含量具有提升作用,但通过隶属函数分析显示,腐胺+ABT(或IBA)整体指标促进效果虽然最优,但较仅使用ABT(或IBA)处理组该优势并不明显。【Objective】Betula costata and Betula pendula have substantial economic and ecological benefits as timber trees and they are excellent trees for soil rehabilitation and urban greening.The primary method of accelerating the rapid propagation of Betula costata and Betula pendula is to take cuttings from their elite trees.In recent years,putrescine is found to be closely related to cutting rhizogenesis as a nitrogenous base with high biological activities.Identifying the optimal concentration of putrescine during rhizogenesis and exploring its impact on root characteristics are crucial for popularizing these two tree species.【Method】The two-year-old shoots of Betula costata and Betula pendula from the same families were used as the experimental materials.The samples were treated with putrescine solutions with different concentration gradients of T1,T2,and T3(500,1000,1500 mg·L^(-1)),and the control groups(CK1 and CK2)were set up.In this study,we determined the rooting rate,root number,root length,root weight and non-structured carbohydrates in the cuttings.The effects of putrescine on rhizogenesis and non-structured carbohydrate contents of the two tree species were revealed by ANOVA,correlation analysis,and membership function analysis.【Result】The optimal concentration of putrescine for Betula costata was 500 mg·L^(-1),the rooting rate was 26.7%,the number of roots was 5.3,and the average root length was 9.4 cm.While the optimal concentration of putrescine for Betula pendula was 1000 mg·L^(-1),the rooting rate was 42.7%,the number of roots was 6.7,and the average root length was 6.5 cm.However,for the content of non-structured carbohydrates in roots and stems,the optimal concentration of putrescine for Betula costata and Betula pendula were 1000 and 500 mg·L^(-1),respectively.【Conclusion】For both Betula costata and Betula pendula,putrescine concentration is a key factor affecting their rhizogenesis.Compared with ABT and IBA treatments,putrescine treatments not only significantly promote the rooti

关 键 词：腐胺 枫桦 欧洲白桦 扦插 生根特性 

分 类 号：S792.15[农业科学—林木遗传育种]