水曲柳半同胞家系变异分析与选择  

Variation analysis and selection of Fraxinus mandshurica half-sib families

作　　者：王芳[1] 孙彬 杨雨春[1] 王君[1] 刘旭[2] 陆志民[1] 杨玲 张嘉峰 许经华 WANG Fang;SUN Bin;YANG Yuchun;WANG Jun;LIU Xu;LU Zhimin;YANG Ling;ZHANG Jiafeng;XU Jinghua(Jilin Academy of Forestry Sciences,Changchun 130000,Jilin,China;Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130000,Jilin,China;Yongji County Forest Seed Station,Jilin 132000,Jilin,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省林业科学研究院,吉林长春130000 [2]吉林农业大学,吉林长春130000 [3]吉林省永吉县林木种子站,吉林吉林132000

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2023年第2期144-154,共11页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划项目(20210202071NC);吉林省科学技术协会项目(QT202002)。

摘　　要：【目的】评价和筛选水曲柳优良种质资源,推进水曲柳良种选育进程。【方法】以吉林省吉林市永吉县西阳镇水曲柳试验林内的67个11年生水曲柳子代半同胞家系为材料,对其树高、胸径、当年高生长量、冠幅、枝下高、分枝角和分枝数进行调查测定,并计算材积,采用方差分析、遗传变异分析、一般配合力分析、主成分分析、相关分析及多性状综合评价法筛选优良家系和单株。【结果】各性状在不同家系间、不同区组间、不同家系与区组的互作间均达到极显著差异水平(P<0.01),各性状表型变异系数变化范围为21.83%~80.03%,各性状家系遗传力变化范围为0.23~0.58,各性状单株遗传力变化范围为0.03~0.14。不同家系的亲本各性状一般配合力差异较大,家系FM62、FM12、FM16和FM24的亲本树高、胸径、材积和当年高生长量的一般配合力较高,家系FM13、FM26的亲本冠幅、分枝角和分枝数的一般配合力较高,家系FM7的亲本枝下高一般配合力较高。主成分分析结果表明,树高、胸径、材积和当年高生长量主要描述水曲柳的生长性状信息,枝下高、冠幅、分枝角和分枝数主要描述水曲柳形质性状主要信息。相关分析结果表明,任意两性状间均呈极显著正相关关系。利用多性状综合评价法,以10%的入选率进行选择,分别筛选出7个生长性状优良的家系和7个形质性状优良的家系,其中家系FM16、FM12和FM24的生长性状和形质性状均优良;以1%的入选率在优良家系中选择优良单株,分别筛选出6个生长性状优良的单株和6个形质性状优良的单株。【结论】水曲柳生长性状和形质性状在家系和个体间存在着丰富的变异,初步筛选出的优良家系、单株和亲本可以为水曲柳良种选育和推广应用提供基础。【Objective】This work aimed to evaluate and select excellent germplasm resources of Fraxinus mandshurica to promote the breeding process of F.mandshurica.【Method】6711-year-old half-sib families of F.mandshurica were selected as the materials from the experimental forest in Xiyang Town,Yongji County,Jilin City,Jilin Province.The tree height,DBH(diameter at breast height),current-year height increment,crown width,below-branch height,branch angle and branch number were investigated and measured,and the volume was calculated.Variance analysis,genetic variation analysis,general combining ability analysis,principal component analysis,correlation analysis and multi-character comprehensive evaluation were used to screen the superior families and individual plants.【Result】There were extremely significant differences(P<0.01)among different families,blocks or families×blocks for each trait.The phenotypic variation coefficient of each trait ranged from 21.83%to 80.03%.The family heritability of each trait ranged from 0.23 to 0.58,and the individual plant heritability of each trait ranged from 0.03 to 0.14.The general combining ability of each trait for the parents of different families varied greatly.The parents of FM62,FM12,FM16 and FM24 had a higher general combining ability in tree height,DBH,volume and current-year height increment,the parents of FM13 and FM26 had a higher general combining ability in crown width,branch angle and branch number,and parents of FM7 had a higher general combining ability in below-branch height.The result of the principal component analysis showed that tree height,DBH,volume and current-year height increment mainly described the growth traits of F.mandshurica.The below-branch height,crown width,branch angle and branch number mainly described the morphological characters of F.mandshurica.Correlation analysis results showed that there was a significantly positive correlation between any two traits.7 families with good growth traits and 7 families with good morphological traits were

关 键 词：水曲柳 半同胞家系 遗传变异 优良家系 优良单株 

分 类 号：S792.41[农业科学—林木遗传育种]