“NP_([L])+V+着+NP”格式乙类结构歧义产生的原因和机制探析  

An Analysis on the Cause and Mechanism of B Structural Ambiguity in NP_([L])+V+着+NP Format

作　　者：骆明弟 LUO Mingdi(School of Liberal Arts/School of Journalism and Communication,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin 541004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学文学院/新闻与传播学院,桂林541004

出　　处：《同济大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第1期117-128,共12页Journal of Tongji University:Social Science Edition

摘　　要：“NP_([L])+V+着+NP”格式一直是学界关注的热点,有学者将其分化为“静态”A式和“动态”B式,并指出A式、B式对立的原因,让人们认识到了“NP_([L])+V+着+NP”格式实际上是一个歧义格式。然而,该格式歧义产生的原因和机制并未受到关注和研究,前期学者只从结果的角度提出“重合说”来解释歧义的产生:当A式、B式重合时产生歧义。其实,从过程的角度揭示该格式歧义的原因和机制,才更有解释力。根据歧义产生的情况,“NP_([L])+V+着+NP”格式可以分成甲、乙、丙三类,只有乙类结构有歧义的可能。乙类结构产生歧义的原因和机制在于:乙类结构动词“动作进行”义、“状态持续”义的内在共生性以及此二义都被“容主性”NP_([L])激活,前者是歧义产生的内在基础,后者是歧义实现的关键。动词的“动作进行”义浮现生成了结构的“动态进行”义,动词的“状态持续”义浮现生成了结构的“静态存在”义。The format of“NP_([L])+V+着+NP”has always been the hotspot in the academic circle.The scholars divided it into“static”type A and“dynamic”type B,pointed out the reasons for the opposition between type A and type B,and revealed that the format of“NP_([L])+V+着+NP”was actually ambiguous.However,the cause and mechanism of the format ambiguity were not studied,and the“coincidence theory”was proposed only based on the results to explain the generation of ambiguity:ambiguity arises when A and B forms overlap.In fact,it is more explanatory to reveal the causes and mechanisms of the format ambiguity from the perspective of process.According to different situations where ambiguity arises,the format“NP_([L])+V+着+NP”can be divided into three categories:A,B and C.Only the structure of type B can be ambiguous.The reason and mechanism of ambiguity in type B structure are:the internal symbiosis of the meaning of“action proceeding”and“state continuity”of type B structural verbs and the activation of the two meanings by Contain-subjectival NP_([L]).The former is the internal basis of ambiguity,while the latter is the key to generating ambiguity.The emergence of the verb’s meaning of“action proceeding”generates the structure’s meaning of“dynamic proceeding”,and the emergence of the verb’s meaning of“state continuity”generates the structure’s meaning of“static existence”.

关 键 词：NP_([L])+V+着+NP格式 乙类结构 歧义 容主性 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]