极早熟高油大豆品种佳豆30的选育与育种研究  

Breeding and Experience of Very Early Mature High Oil Soybean Variety Jiadou 30

作　　者：郭美玲[1] 郭泰[2] 王志新[2] 郑伟[2] 李灿东[2] 赵海红[2] 张振宇[2] 徐杰飞 赵星棋 GUO Mei-ling;GUO Tai;WANG Zhi-xin(Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin,Heilongjiang 150086;Jiamusi Branch/National Soybean Regional Technology Innovation Centre/State Soybean Industry Technology System Jiamusi Comprehensive Test Station,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jiamusi,Heilongjiang 154007)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150086 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院佳木斯分院/国家大豆区域技术创新中心/国家大豆产业技术体系佳木斯综合试验站,黑龙江佳木斯154007

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2023年第4期21-24,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：黑龙江省农科院农业科技创新跨越工程项目“大豆优异品种创新及高产高效栽培配套技术集成”(HNK2019CX01-2-1);黑龙江省属科研业务费项目“高油高产大豆新种质创制及育种利用”(CZKYF2021-2-C009);财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-04-CES05)。

摘　　要：为了挖掘极早熟高油大豆新品种佳豆30的品种潜力与优势,总结了该品种选育结果与育种经验。该品种出苗至成熟生育日数108 d左右,需≥10℃活动积温1900℃左右,为极早熟品种;省级品种区域试验平均产量2656.5 kg/hm ^(2),较对照品种黑河45增产10.3%,生产试验平均产量2451.8 kg/hm ^(2),较对照品种黑河45增产8.9%;国家级品种区域试验平均产量2438.6 kg/hm ^(2),比对照品种黑河45增产8.6%,生产试验平均产量2358.7 kg/hm ^(2),比对照品种黑河45增产9.1%;脂肪含量22.11%,蛋白质含量39.46%,为高油品种;病害接种鉴定结果显示,中抗大豆灰斑病(SCSH)、中感大豆病毒病SMVⅠ号株系和感大豆病毒病SMVⅢ号株系;适宜北方春大豆极早熟区种植。该品种的选育体会可归纳为4点,包括制定育种目标要面向主产区、优选亲本是品种选育成败的关键、坚持生态育种理念培育优良品种和极早熟育种要突出产量与品质,可供育种工作者学习与借鉴。In order to explore the cultivar potential and advantages of a new ultra-early-maturing high-oil soybean variety Jiadou 30,we summarized the breeding results and breeding experience of this cultivar.The variety needed about 108 days from emergence to maturity and required about 1900℃active accumulated temperature≥10℃.It was an extremely early-maturing variety.The average yield in the regional test of the provincial variety was 2656.5 kg/hm ^(2),an increase of 10.3%compared with the control variety Heihe 45,and the average yield in the production test was 2451.8 kg/hm ^(2),an increase of 8.9%compared with the control variety Heihe 45.The average yield of the national variety regional test was 2438.6 kg/hm ^(2),an increase of 8.6%compared with the control variety Heihe 45,and the average yield of the production test was 2358.7 kg/hm ^(2),an increase of 9.1%compared with the control variety Heihe 45.The oil content was 22.11%and the protein content was 39.46%,which was a high-oil variety.Results of disease inoculation identification showed that Jiadou 30 was moderately resistant to soybean gray spot(SCSH),moderately susceptible to soybean virus disease SMVI strain and susceptible to soybean virus disease SMVIII strain.It was suitable for planting in very early-maturing areas of northern spring soybeans.The breeding experience of Jiadou 30 could be summarized into four points,including formulating breeding objectives to face the main production areas,optimizing parents is the key to the success or failure of variety breeding,adhering to the concept of ecological breeding,cultivating excellent varieties and extremely early maturing breeding,highlighting yield and quality.It can be used for reference by breeders.

关 键 词：极早熟 高油大豆 佳豆30 选育 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]