基于外源酰基高丝氨酸内酯的群体感应强化生物膜脱氮性能研究进展  

Research progress on nitrogen removal performance of biofilm enhanced by exogenous N-acyl-homoserine lactone-mediated quorum sensing:a review

作　　者：衣隆强 吴英海 刘长远 宛立 韩蕊 YI Longqiang;WU Yinghai;LIU Changyuan;WAN Li;HAN Rui(College of Marine and Civil Engineering,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China;Key Laboratory of Environment Controlled Aquaculture(Dalian Ocean University),Ministry of Education,Dalian 116023,China;College of Marine Technology and Environment,Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]大连海洋大学海洋与土木工程学院,辽宁大连116023 [2]设施渔业教育部重点实验室(大连海洋大学),辽宁大连116023 [3]大连海洋大学海洋科技与环境学院,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2023年第1期176-184,共9页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD0900501);辽宁省科技计划项目(2019JH2/10200007,2021JH2/10200012);大连市支持高层次人才创新创业项目(2020RQ0111);设施渔业教育部重点实验室(大连海洋大学)开放课题(202211)。

摘　　要：随着社会经济发展,基于生物膜法降解含氮污染物已被广泛应用于污染水体修复和污水深度处理中,如何缩短生物膜启动时间,提高生物膜生物量、功能微生物丰度和多样性是当前的研究热点。基于酰基高丝氨酸内酯(acyl-homoserine lactones,AHLs)的群体感应(quorum sensing,QS)有助于生物膜生长和脱氮功能菌的增加,而添加外源性AHLs可提高生物膜性能,这为生物膜脱氮性能强化提供了新思路。本文综述了AHLs的多样性与促进生物膜脱氮的功能,强化微生物脱氮的机制及影响因素,针对外源AHLs强化生物膜脱氮性能研究中存在的问题,提出应进一步揭示不同种类AHLs对生物膜脱氮的调节能力,明确AHLs在生物膜反应器不同阶段的作用机制和效果,增强环境条件对AHLs调节生物膜脱氮的效应研究,以及利用规模化生物膜反应器验证AHLs对实际生物膜脱氮的效果等未来重点研究方向,以期为实现外源AHLs强化生物膜脱氮性能提供科学依据。The biofilm-based nitrogenous pollutants degradation has been widely used in polluted water body restoration and advanced sewage treatment.How to shorten the start-up time of the biofilm and to improve the biomass,and functional microbial abundance and diversity in biofilm are the current research hotspots.Quorum sensing(QS)based on acyl homoserine lactones(AHLs)contributes to the growth of biofilm and the increase in denitrifying bacteria.The addition of exogenous AHLs can improve the performance of biofilm,which provides a new idea for enhancing the nitrogen removal performance of biofilm.The diversity and nitrogen removal function of AHLs,the mechanism and influencing factors of enhancing microbial nitrogen removal are reviewed.In view of the problems existing in the research on the enhancement of nitrogen removal performance of biofilm by exogenous AHLs,it is suggested that the nitrogen removal function of different kinds of AHLs should be further revealed,the mechanism and effect of AHLs in different stages of biofilm reactors should be clarified,the nitrogen removal effect of AHLs under environmental conditions should be strengthened,and the actual nitrogen removal effect of AHLs should be verified by large-scale biofilm reactors.The present review provides a scientific basis for the realization of enhanced nitrogen removal performance of biofilm by exogenous AHLs.

关 键 词：生物膜 群体感应 胞外聚合物 微生物群落 脱氮 

分 类 号：S949[农业科学—水产养殖] X522[农业科学—水产科学]