鱼类原始生殖细胞发育与生殖操作技术研究进展  

Research progress on primordial germ cell development and reproductive manipulation techniques of fish

作　　者：陶彬彬 胡炜[1,2] TAO Binbin;HU Wei(State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology,Hubei Hongshan Laboratory,Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430072,China;Innovative Academy of Seed Design,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所,淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室,湖北洪山实验室,湖北武汉430072 [2]中国科学院种子创新研究院,北京100101

出　　处：《水产学报》2023年第1期94-106,共13页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0901200);国家现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-46);国家自然科学基金(31721005)。

摘　　要：原始生殖细胞是胚胎发育过程中最早建立的一群生殖干细胞,是有性生殖动物生殖发育的基础。鱼类原始生殖细胞特化遵循“先成论”的模式,早期胚胎发育过程中获得母源生殖质组分的细胞特化为原始生殖细胞,特化形成的原始生殖细胞需要维持其生殖干细胞命运,并经过长距离迁移最终到达性腺原基的位置。原始生殖细胞特化、迁移和命运维持过程受到多种基因和信号通路的综合调控。研究鱼类原始生殖细胞发育不仅有助于深入理解脊椎动物细胞特化、迁移和命运维持等基本生物学过程的调控机理,而且是开发新的养殖鱼类生殖控制和生殖干细胞移植技术的重要基础。本文概述了鱼类原始生殖细胞发育的基础理论以及生殖操作技术研究进展,并展望了未来的发展趋势,以期为开发重要养殖鱼类优良种质创制新技术提供参考。Primordial germ cells(PGCs)are the earliest germline stem cells established during embryonic development.The survival of species is dependent upon PGCs in sexually reproducing organisms.The specification of fish PGCs follows the pattern of“preformation”mode.In this mode,PGCs are specified by inheritance of maternal cytoplasm(germ plasm)during early embryogenesis.Specialized PGCs need to maintain their cell fates and migrate over long distances to reach the gonadal primordium.The biological processes of fish PGC specification,migration and fate maintenance are regulated by a variety of genes and signaling pathways.The study of fish PGC development is helpful for understanding the molecular mechanism of vertebrate cell specification,migration,and fate maintenance,and it is also important for developing new reproductive containment and germline stem cell transplantation techniques in farmed fish.Here,we review the research progress in fish PGC development and reproductive manipulation techniques,and look into rospect of their future development,hoping to provide theoretical and technical supports for the development of new techniques applicable to creating new germplasm of important farmed fish.

关 键 词：鱼类 原始生殖细胞 生殖质 生殖控制 生殖干细胞移植 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]