引起黑龙江省大豆根腐病的镰刀菌种类鉴定及致病分析  

Identification and pathogenicity of Fusarium species causing soybean root rot in Heilongjiang Province

作　　者：王爽[1] 李新民[1] 刘春来[1] 杨帆[1] 蒋希峰[1] 李敏[1] 曹大为 徐充[1] 郭亚男 WANG Shuang;LI Xinmin;LIU Chunlai;YANG Fan;JIANG Xifeng;LI Min;CAO Dawei;XU Chong;GUO Yanan(Plant Protection Institute,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricul-tural Sciences,Harbin 150086,China;Beidahuang Taihua Organic Food Co.,LTD,Harbin 150300,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院植物保护研究所,哈尔滨150086 [2]北大荒泰华有机食品股份有限公司,哈尔滨150300

出　　处：《植物病理学报》2023年第1期126-128,共3页Acta Phytopathologica Sinica

基　　金：黑龙江省农业科学院“农业科技创新跨越工程”(HNK2019CX12);黑龙江省现代农业大豆产业技术协同创新体系-大豆病害防控岗位课题。

摘　　要：大豆是黑龙江省四大主要粮食作物之一,种植面积和产量均居全国首位。 大豆根腐病是一种世界性的土传病害[1],主要侵染大豆茎基部至根部,引起根茎腐烂,一般田块减产 10%~30%,重病田块减产达 60%以上,严重时甚至造成绝产[2]。由镰刀菌引起的大豆根腐病是大豆生产上的重要病害 [3]。Soybean root rot disease caused by the genus Fusarium was observed from 30 soybean fields during 2017 and 2018 in 12 counties or cities of Heilongjiang Province. A total of 250 Fusarium isolates were recovered from the root tissues of soybean seedling collected from those fields. Identification of the Fusarium species was performed by examining their morphological features and sequences analysis of internal transcribed spacers(ITS) of rDNA. Six species of Fusarium were identified, with F. oxysporum being the predominant species(72.8%), followed by F. solani(15.6%), F. tricinctum(7.2%), F. equiseti(2.8%), F. brachygibbosum(1.2%) and F. graminearum(0.4%). All Fusarium isolates were highly virulent on soybean(cv. Heinong 69), causing root rot disease symptoms, which were reisolated from diseased plants and identified, fulfilling the Koch’s postulates. The pathogenicity tests for representative strains of the six Fusarium species showed that at 14 days after inoculation by sorghum seeds(4 g) fully colonized by Fusarium, the disease indexes of F. oxysporum(m3-3xu), F. solani(p15-5zhu), F. tricinctum(pz2-2), F. equiseti(dy-mz2-1), F. brachygibbosum(p13-1), and F. graminearum(mx7-2) were 69.05, 42.86,78.57, 45.24, 58.96, and 35.94, respectively. Both conidia cultures and secretions of the six isolates could cause root rot on soybean at 14 days post inoculation. The rot was serious with increased concentration of conidial cultures and secretions. F. solani was the most virulent to soybean with a disease index of 56.2, followed by F. oxysporum(44.8), F. graminearum(39.1), F. equiseti(37.2), F. tricinctum(32.9) and F. brachygibbosum(16.2) at a concentration of 1×10^(8) conidia·mL^(-1). The disease indexes of F. solani and F. equiseti were 41.0 and 27.7, respectively at concentration of 1×10^(5) conidia·mL^(-1), which showed no significant difference related to the disease index at concentration of 1×10^(8) conidia·mL^(-1). As for the virulence of fermentation filtrates, F. solani and F. oxysporum were the most viru

关 键 词：soybean root rot Fusarium species species identification PATHOGENICITY 

分 类 号：S435.651[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]