中国公共政策过程中的专家参与机制研究——分析社会学的视角  

Mechanisms of Expert Participation in China's Public Policy Process:An Analytical Sociological Perspective

作　　者：张云昊 Zhang Yunhao

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学国际事务与公共管理学院

出　　处：《社会学研究》2023年第1期183-204,共22页Sociological Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“当代中国专家体制的运行机制及其优化策略研究”(18BSH104)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：在知识政治时代,当代中国专家广泛参与政策过程已经成为一种“新常态”。那么,在这一“新常态”背后隐藏着怎样的社会驱动机制?本文运用分析社会学的机制解释模型,以专家和决策者的动机及双方的连接机会为分析框架,建构了专家参与的“吸纳-嵌入”“委托-代理”“舆论-回应”和“汲取-知识池”四类理想机制。通过对“五年规划”和“新医改”政策案例的过程追踪,本文验证并分析了四类专家参与机制的运行、特色及趋势。In the era of knowledge politics,extensive participation of experts in policy processes has become a“new normal”in contemporary China.What are the hidden social driving mechanisms behind this“new normal”?Taking the motivations of experts and decision makers and the connection opportunities between them as the analytical framework,this paper uses the mechanism explanation model of analytic sociology to construet four types of ideal mechanisms for expert participation:“absorption-embedding”,“principal-agent”,“opinion-response”,and“extraction-knowledge pool”.The paper verifies and analyzes the operation,characteristics,and trends of the four types of expert participation mechanisms by following the process of the Five-Year Plan and the New Health Care Reform policy cases.

关 键 词：公共政策 主体动机 连接机会 专家参与机制 

分 类 号：C91[经济管理] D63[社会学]