面向航天回收装备的大变形柔性传感器研究与应用(二)——大应变传感器  

Research and Application of Sensors with Great Flexibility and Deformability for Aerospace Recycling Equipment(2)——Stretchable Strain Sensor

作　　者：刘浩[1] 李爽[1,2] 刘国栋 贾贺 房冠辉[3,4] 冯瑞 苏业旺 LIU Hao;LI Shuang;LIU Guodong;JIA He;FANG Guanhui;FENG Rui;SU Yewang(State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics,Institute of Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;School of Engineering Science,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Beijing Institute of Space Mechanics&Electricity,Beijing 100094,China;Laboratory of Aerospace Entry,Descent and Landing Technology,CASC,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院力学研究所,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学工程科学学院,北京100049 [3]北京空间机电研究所,北京100094 [4]中国航天科技集团有限公司航天进入、减速与着陆技术实验室,北京100094

出　　处：《航天返回与遥感》2023年第1期59-68,共10页Spacecraft Recovery & Remote Sensing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(12172359,11772331);北京市自然科学基金(2202066);北京市科委怀柔科学城成果落地重大专项(Z191100002019010);中科院基础前沿科学研究计划“从0到1”原始创新项目(ZDBS-LY-JSC014);中科院创新交叉团队项目(JCTD-2020-03)。

摘　　要：在极端环境条件下,受温度、压力、速度等因素影响,具有柔性和大变形特征的航空航天装备极易发生故障,因此研发相应的大变形柔性传感器以对其服役状态下的应变、曲率、气动外形等参数进行实时监测面临巨大的挑战。文章面向具有柔性和大变形特征的航天回收降落伞,设计了大变形柔性应变传感器(简称大应变传感器),研究结果表明该大应变传感器在高达35%的应变范围内保持了优异的线性度(拟合优度>0.999)。文章还进一步探索传感器在降落伞的伞衣、伞绳、径向带等部位的集成方案并进行系统性测试,通过航天降落伞地面高塔投放试验和风洞试验的示范应用,有效地获得降落伞的变形状态信息,这对降落伞的结构设计优化与实时控制具有重要意义。Under extreme environmental conditions, affected by temperature, pressure, velocity and other factors, the aerospace equipment with great flexibility and deformability is extremely prone to failure. It is a great challenge to develop the corresponding sensors with excellent flexibility and deformability to monitor the key parameters of the equipment in service real-timely, such as strain, curvature and aerodynamic profile. For the aerospace recovery parachute with great flexibility and deformability, we research the design and performance of flexible strain sensor with great deformability(referred to as stretchable strain sensor), the sensor undergoes a large applied strain(35%), which guarantees high linearity(goodness-of-fit >0.999). We further explore the integration scheme of the sensors in parachute canopy, parachute ropes and radial belt, and conduct the systematic tests. Through the demonstration application of the dropping test of the parachute from a high tower and the wind tunnel test, the information of the deformation state of the parachute can be obtained effectively, which is of great significance for the optimization of the structural design and the real-time control of the parachute.

关 键 词：柔性 大变形 应变 传感器 航空航天 

分 类 号：V19[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程] TP212.9[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]