工程车辆车轮螺栓预紧力衰减研究  

Attenuation of bolt pretension of wheels of engineering vehicles

作　　者：王欣 杨敏 唐锋 杨苓 Wang Xin;Yang Min;Tang Feng;Yang Ling

机构地区：[1]成都工贸职业技术学院,成都611731 [2]湖南工业职业技术学院,长沙410208

出　　处：《起重运输机械》2023年第2期74-78,共5页Hoisting and Conveying Machinery

摘　　要：文中以某工程车辆为例,对车轮螺栓在紧急制动工况下预紧力衰减进行研究。首先对车辆车轮螺栓的预紧力及拧紧力矩进行了理论计算。不同类型螺母、不同螺母厚度、不同紧固方式、不同扭矩系数在紧急制动工况下轴向预紧力衰减不同,使用力矩扳手方式紧固的螺栓在试验后的预紧力不满足设计要求;在冲击载荷下施必牢螺母预紧效果良好,30mm厚度螺母剩余预紧力较大,满足要求。最后在试验的基础上对理论计算最小紧固力矩进行修正,为设计人员理论计算的数据更接近真实工况提供支撑。研究表明:冲击载荷下选择30 mm厚度防松螺母,采用拧紧机拧紧的紧固方法可以得到满足要求的剩余预紧力。Taking an engineering vehicle as an example,the attenuation of pre-tightening force of wheel bolts under emergency braking condition is studied.Firstly,the pre-tightening force and tightening torque of vehicle wheel bolts are theoretically calculated.Different types of nuts,different nut thicknesses,different fastening methods and different torque coefficients have different axial pre-tightening force attenuation under emergency braking conditions,and the pre-tightening force of bolts fastened with torque wrenches after testing does not meet the design requirements;Under the impact load,the pre-tightening effect of the nut is good,and the residual pre-tightening force of the nut with the thickness of 30 mm is larger,which meets the requirements.Finally,on the basis of the test,the calculated minimum tightening torque is revised,which provides support for the designer’s data to be closer to the real working condition.The research shows that under the impact load,selecting the locknut with a thickness of 30 mm and fastening it with a tightening machine can obtain the required residual preload.

关 键 词：工程车辆 安全性 紧急制动工况 车轮螺栓 轴向预紧力 

分 类 号：TH131.3[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]