2005—2020年玉溪市乙型病毒性肝炎流行趋势及防控对策  

Epidemiological trend and prevention and control countermeasures of viral hepatitis B in Yuxi City,2005-2020

作　　者：李曦 倪兆林[2] 丁吴月苹 郭翎 张红强[2] 吴丽清[2] LI Xi;NI Zhaolin;DING-WU Yueping;GUO Ling;ZHANG Hongqiang;WU Liqing(Yuxi Central Blood Station,Yuxi 653100,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]玉溪市中心血站,云南玉溪653100 [2]玉溪市疾病预防控制中心 [3]云南省玉溪市第二人民医院 [4]玉溪市红塔区李棋卫生院

出　　处：《中国校医》2023年第1期22-24,28,共4页Chinese Journal of School Doctor

摘　　要：目的分析2005—2020年玉溪市乙型病毒性肝炎流行特征和趋势,为今后乙型病毒性肝炎防制工作提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对玉溪市2005—2020年疾病监测信息报告管理系统报告的乙型病毒性肝炎和乙肝携带者疫情资料进行分析。结果2005—2020年共报告乙肝病例11721例,年均发病率为32.44/10万,16年间呈现下降趋势(χ~2_(趋势)=1244.406,P=0.001)。乙肝携带者累计报告17179例,年均报告率为46.59/10万,总体却呈现上升趋势(χ~2_(趋势)=824.577,P=0.002)。各县区乙肝病例年均报告发病率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=26.214,P=0.011),居前3位的县区依次为华宁县54.57/10万、易门县41.37/10万和通海县40.36/10万。各县区乙肝携带者年均报告率差异有统计学意义(χ~2=81.360,P=0.015),居前3位的县区依次为华宁县201.60/10万、峨山县75.03/10万和新平县58.34/10万。乙肝报告病例男性多于女性(1.53∶1),职业以农民/牧民(64.18%)为主,年龄以20~39岁(40.22%)占比最高;乙肝携带者的男女比为1∶1,职业以农民/牧民(80.78%)为主,年龄以20~39岁(41.31%)占比最高。结论玉溪市乙型肝炎病毒感染形势严峻,需要加强对20~39岁组人群的健康教育,尤其是该年龄组农民/牧民乙肝携带者的定期复查和预防,提高疫苗覆盖率。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and trends of viral hepatitis B in Yuxi City from 2005 to 2020,so as to provide scientific evidence for the prevention and control of viral hepatitis B in the future.Methods A descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the epidemiological data of hepatitis B and hepatitis B carriers reported by the disease surveillance information reporting management system in Yuxi City from 2005 to 2020.Results From 2005 to 2020,a total of 11 721 cases of hepatitis B were reported,with an average annual incidence rate of32.44/105,showing a downward trend in 16 years(χ~2_(trend)=1 244.406,P=0.001).A total of 17 179 hepatitis B carriers were reported,with an average annual reporting rate of 46.59/105,but the overall trend was increasing(χ~2_(trend)=824.577,P=0.002).There was a statistically significant difference in the annual incidence of hepatitis B cases reported by each county(χ~2=26.214,P=0.011),and the top three counties were 54.57/105in Huaning County,41.37/105in Yimen County,and 40.36/105in Tonghai County.The average annual reporting rate of hepatitis B carriers in each county was statistically significantly different(χ~2=81.360,P=0.015),and the top three counties were Huaning County(201.60/105),Esan County(75.03/105) and Xinping County(58.34/105).More hepatitis B cases were reported in males than those in females(1.53∶1),and the occupation was mainly farmers/herders(64.18%),and the age range from 20 to 39 years old(40.22%) accounted for the highest proportion.The male-to-female ratio of hepatitis B carriers was1:1,the occupation was mainly farmers/herders(80.78%),and the age group was mainly the 20 —39-year age group(41.31%).Conclusion The situation of hepatitis B virus infection in Yuxi City is grim,and it is necessary to strengthen health education for people aged 20-39 years,especially the regular review and prevention of hepatitis B carriers in this age group,and improve vaccine coverage.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎 携带者 流行病学研究 

分 类 号：R183[医药卫生—流行病学]