2021年丹阳市一起布鲁氏菌病疫情的暴发调查  

Investigation of an outbreak of brucellosis in Danyang City in 2021

作　　者：徐建芳[1] 袁伟健 谈忠明[2] 张楠 XU Jianfang;YUAN Weijian;TAN Zhongming;ZHANG Nan(Danyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Danyang 212300,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]丹阳市疾病预防控制中心,江苏丹阳212300 [2]江苏省疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国校医》2023年第1期57-59,共3页Chinese Journal of School Doctor

摘　　要：目的 通过分析本市某山羊交易市场布鲁氏菌病(布病)暴发疫情的流行特征,探索针对性的有效防控措施。方法 对本次确诊病例进行流行病学个案调查,对职业暴露人群进行实验室筛查,分析疫情发生的原因。结果 该起疫情的10例病例均为丹阳市珥陵镇大汤山羊市场从业人员,其中5例主动就诊发现,5例职业暴露人群筛查发现;对确诊病例和隐性感染者进行病原菌分离,在确诊病例中分离到布鲁氏菌4株,均为羊种3型菌;通过加强室内通风改造,在第二个屠宰年度发病率有明显下降,差异有统计学意义(改造前罹患率15.38%,改造后年度罹患率1.43%,χ~2=8.77,P=0.003)。结论 呼吸道传播可能是本次布病暴发的主要途径之一,加强牲畜交易市场的规范化建设和牲畜进场前的管理,做好职业暴露人群个人防护和健康管理,才能有效控制牲畜交易市场疫情的发生。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the brucellosis outbreak in a goat trading market in Danyang City and explore targeted and effective prevention and control measures.Methods An epidemiological case investigation was carried out on the confirmed case,and laboratory screening was carried out on occupational exposure to analyze the causes of the epidemic.Results The 10 cases in this outbreak were all employees of the Datang Goat Market in Erling Town,Danyang City,of which 5 were found to be actively treated and 5 were screened for occupational exposure.The pathogenic bacteria were isolated from the confirmed cases and the recessive infection,and 4 strains of Brucella were isolated from the confirmed cases,all of which were sheep type 3 bacteria.By strengthening the indoor ventilation transformation,the incidence rate decreased significantly in the second slaughter year,and the difference was statistically significant(the incidence rate before the transformation was 15.38%,the annual incidence rate after the transformation was 1.43%,χ~2=8.77,P=0.003).Conclusion Respiratory transmission may be one of the main ways of brucellosis outbreak,and the occurrence of the epidemic in the livestock trading market can be effectively controlled by strengthening the standardized construction of the livestock trading market and the management of livestock before entering the market and doing a good job in personal protection and health management of occupational exposure groups.

关 键 词：布鲁氏菌病 暴发 山羊交易市场 疫情 

分 类 号：R535[医药卫生—内科学]