一种适应海底低温输送的防蜡剂研制  

Development of Wax Inhibitor for Low-temperature Transport Pipe of Submarine Crude Oil

作　　者：罗孟凤 Luo Mengfeng(Shenzhen Branch,CN00C China Limited,Shenzhen Guangdong 518067)

机构地区：[1]中海石油(中国)有限公司深圳分公司,广东深圳518067

出　　处：《中外能源》2023年第1期54-58,共5页Sino-Global Energy

摘　　要：为解决南海某深水油田海底原油混输海管在低温下的结蜡问题,根据混输原油性质、析出蜡的碳数分布及现场工况,合成了以甲基丙烯酸十八脂、马来酸酐及对苯乙烯为单体的聚合物型防蜡剂PCF-21,采用动态实验、静态实验、降黏实验及凝点变化实验等系统评价了该防蜡剂的效果并分析了其作用机理。结果表明,南海某深水油田原油属于轻质原油,含蜡量3.9%,析蜡点17.2℃,在低温环境中极易结蜡。合成的聚合物型防蜡剂PCF-21自身凝点为-10℃,在8℃下黏度为46mPa·s,满足深水脐带缆加注要求。性能评价实验表明,当防蜡剂PCF-21加注浓度为200mg/L时,静态防蜡率达到65%,动态环道防蜡率达到68%以上,表现出良好的防蜡效果。8℃下,防蜡剂PCF-21加注浓度为200mg/L时,原油降黏率为42.8%,表现出良好的降黏效果。防蜡剂PCF-21加注浓度为200mg/L时,原油凝点由5℃降低至-11℃,远低于海底管道8℃的运行环境,表现出良好的降凝效果。防蜡剂PCF-21通过改变蜡晶结晶过程,抑制蜡晶长大形成三维网络结构,从而展现出良好的防蜡降黏降凝性能。In order to solve the problem of wax deposition in the mixed transport pipe of submarine crude oil in a deepwater oilfield in the South China Sea,a polymeric wax inhibitor PCF-21,taking octadecyl methacrylate,malay acid anhydride and styrene as monomer,was synthesized by analyzing the properties of the mixed crude oil,carbon number distribution of the precipitated wax and the field working conditions.The wax inhibitor was systematically evaluated by dynamic experiments,static experiments,viscosity reduction experiments and gel point change experiment,and its mechanism was analyzed.The results show that the crude oil in a deepwater oilfield in the South China Sea belongs to light one with wax content of 3.9% and wax pre-cipitation point of 17.2℃,which is easy to form wax in the low-temperature environment.The synthetic polymeric wax inhibitor PCF-21 has gel point of-10℃ and viscosity of 46mPa·s at 8℃,which meets the requirements of deep water umbilical cable filling.Performance evaluation experiments show that when the concentration of wax inhibitor PCF-21 is 200mg/L,the static wax inhibition rate is up to 65%,and the dynamic wax inhibition rate is over 68%,showing good wax inhibition effect.At 8℃,when the concentration of wax inhibitor PCF-21 is 200mg/L,the viscosity reduction rate of crude oil is 42.8%,showing good viscosity reduction effect.When the concentration of wax inhibitor PCF-21 is 200mg/L,the gel point of crude oil decreases from 5℃ to-11℃,which is far lower than the operating environment of the submarine pipeline at8℃,showing good gel point lowering effect.The wax inhibitor PCF-21 changes the crystallization process of wax crystals,inhibits the growth of wax crystal to form a three-dimensional network structure,and thus exhibits good performance of anti-wax,viscosity-reducing and gel point lowering.

关 键 词：防蜡剂 海底管道 凝点 降黏 析蜡点 

分 类 号：TE973.92[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]