云南省2021年血吸虫病风险监测  

The risk surveillance of schistosomiasis in Yunnan,2021

作　　者：沈美芬[1] 杜春红[1] 宋静[1] 王丽芳[1] 孙佳昱[1] 陈春琼 冯锡光[1] 张宗亚 江华[1] 周济华[1] 董毅[1] SHEN Mei-fen;DU Chun-hong;SONG Jing;WANG Li-fang;SUN Jia-yu;CHEN Chun-qiong;FENG Xi-guang;ZHANG Zhong-ya;JIANG Hua;ZHOU Ji-hua;DONG Yi(Yunnan Institute of Endemic Disease Control and Prevention,Yunnan Key Laboratory of Natural Epidemic Disease Prevention and Control Technology,Dali,Yunnan 671000,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省地方病防治所,云南省自然疫源性疾病防控技术重点实验室,云南大理671000

出　　处：《中国热带医学》2023年第2期157-161,共5页China Tropical Medicine

摘　　要：目的评估云南省血吸虫病潜在传播风险,为血吸虫病防治策略提供依据。方法根据血吸虫病疫情流行态势,以及可能导致血吸虫病疫情的社会和环境变化因素等,2021年云南省选择3个省级和15个县级血吸虫病流行县(市、区),每个县(市、区)具有代表性的1~3个疫区村作为监测村。通过查阅收集监测村血吸虫病常规疫情监测资料,结合钉螺和野粪调查等风险监测,综合分析各监测村血吸虫病传播扩散风险,对阳性钉螺、阳性野粪、居民感染、活螺平均密度、有螺框出现率等5项敏感指标进行风险等级评定。结果全省18个血吸虫病流行县(市、区)中7个属于传播阻断有螺县,其余均为消除县。在32个监测村共调查钉螺152447框,其中有钉螺3043框;捕获钉螺15895只,其中活钉螺15727只;累计查出有螺面积58.87 hm^(2),钉螺复现面积34.19 hm^(2),有螺框出现率2.00%,活螺平均密度0.1032只/0.11 m^(2);环介导等温扩增检测未发现阳性钉螺。在14个流行县(市、区)的27个监测村中共捡获野粪1374份,来源以牛、狗、羊、马属动物、猪等为主,全部为阴性。疫情传播扩散风险评估,洱源县永乐村和永胜村,楚雄市智明村为Ⅱ级风险,其余均为Ⅲ级。结论云南省血吸虫病传播风险较低,但传播扩散风险仍然存在。应加强风险监测,加大查灭螺力度和家畜的有效管理,才能持续巩固防控成果。Objective To evaluate the potential transmission risk of schistosomiasis in Yunnan Province,and to provide strategic basis for the prevention and control.Methods environmental factors that may lead to the epidemic,1-3 villages from 3 provincial-level and 15 county-level counties(cities and districts)were selected as the evaluated villages in 2021.The risk of schistosomiasis spread was analyzed comprehensively by consulting,reviewing and collecting routine surveillance data of schistosomiasis in the villages,combined with snail and wild feces survey.The risk level was evaluated for the positive snails,positive wild feces,resident infection,average density of live snails and snail frame occurrence rate.Results epidemic counties and the rest were eliminated counties.A total of 152447 snail frames were investigated and 3043 frames with snails,15895 snails were captured and included 15727 live snails in the 32 evaluated villages.The total area of snail was 58.87 hm^(2)and the area of reoccurrence was 34.19 hm^(2)with snail frame occurrence rate of 2.00%and average density of live snails 0.1032/0.11 m^(2),and no positive snails were found by loop-mediated isothermal amplification(LAMP)assay.A total of 1374 wild feces were collected in 27 evaluated villages of 14 epidemic counties,mainly from cattle,dogs,sheep,equine animals,pigs and so on,all of which were negative.According to the risk assessment of epidemic spread,Yongle Village and Yongsheng Village in Eryuan County,Zhiming Village in Chuxiong City wereⅡrisk,and the rest wereⅢrisk.ConclusionsAlthough the risk of transmission is low in Yunnan Province,the risk of transmission and spread still exists.It is necessary to strengthen the risk monitoring,control of snail and effective management of livestock to prevent the rebound of the epidemic.

关 键 词：血吸虫病 钉螺 传播风险 云南省 

分 类 号：R535[医药卫生—内科学]