嗅觉联合味觉刺激干预及常规喂养护理对早产儿喂养进程、喂养耐受性和体重的影响  

Effect of olfactory combined with taste stimulation intervention and routine feeding nursing on feeding process,feeding tolerance and body weight of premature infants

作　　者：方佳 陆琴[1] FANG Jia;LU Qin(Department of Pediatrics,Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital,Shanghai 200233,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市第六人民医院儿科,上海200233

出　　处：《临床与病理杂志》2023年第1期160-166,共7页Journal of Clinical and Pathological Research

摘　　要：目的:探讨嗅觉联合味觉刺激干预及常规喂养护理对早产儿喂养进程、喂养耐受性及体重的影响。方法:2019年9月至2021年8月上海市第六人民医院新生儿重症监护室(neonatal intensive care unit,NICU)收治的130例早产儿为研究对象。采用随机数字表法将早产儿分为对照组和观察组,每组各65例。对照组采取NICU早产儿常规喂养及护理,观察组在常规喂养和护理的基础上,联合实施嗅觉和味觉刺激。比较两组喂养进程相关指标(胃管拔除时间、喂养过渡时间、胃肠道转运时间及住院时间)、喂养表现(喂养效率及吮吸效率)、喂养不耐受情况及早产儿体重变化。结果:观察组胃管拔除时间、喂养过渡时间、胃肠道转运时间及住院时间均明显短于对照组(P<0.05)。两组完全经口喂养效率及吮吸效率均高于开始经口喂养时(P<0.05),且观察组更高(P<0.05)。观察组喂养不耐受发生率为13.33%,明显低于对照组的31.67%(P<0.05)。两组体重均随着时间推移而增加(P<0.05),且观察组增加更明显(P<0.05)。结论:实施嗅觉、味觉刺激干预联合常规喂养护理能缩短早产儿喂养进程,提升喂养表现,减少喂养不耐受,利于早产儿体重增长。Objective: To explore the effect of olfactory combined with taste stimulation intervention and routine feeding nursing on the feeding process and rehabilitation of premature infants.Methods: A total of 120 premature infants admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit(NICU) of our hospital from September 2019 to August 2021 were selected as subjects.The premature infants were divided into control group and observation group by random number table method, with 60 cases in each group. The control group received routine feeding and nursing of premature infants in NICU, and the observation group received olfactory and taste stimulation on the basis of routine feeding and nursing. The feeding process-related indicators(gastric tube extraction time, feeding transition time, gastrointestinal transit time and hospitalization time), feeding performance(feeding efficiency and sucking efficiency), feeding intolerance and body weight changes of premature infants were compared between the two groups.Results: The gastric tube removal time, feeding transition time, gastrointestinal transit time and hospitalization time in the observation group were significantly shorter than those in the control group(P<0.05). The complete oral feeding efficiency and sucking efficiency of the two groups were higher than those at the beginning of oral feeding(P<0.05), and the observation group was higher(P<0.05). The incidence of feeding intolerance in the observation group was 13.33%, which was significantly lower than 31.67% in the control group(P<0.05). The body weight of the two groups increased with time(P<0.05), and the increase in the observation group was more obvious(P<0.05).Conclusion: The implementation of olfactory taste stimulation intervention combined with routine feeding nursing can shorten the feeding process of premature infants, improve feeding performance and reduce feeding intolerance, which is beneficial to the weight growth of premature infants.

关 键 词：嗅觉刺激 味觉刺激 早产儿 喂养 康复 喂养耐受性 体重 

分 类 号：R473.72[医药卫生—护理学]