城乡居民基本养老保险对隔代抚育的影响研究  

Study on the Impact of Urban and Rural Residents’Basic Pension Insurance on Intergenerational Parenting

作　　者：宋佳莹 王雅楠 高传胜[1] SONG Jiaying;WANG Yanan;GAO Chuansheng(School of Government,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学政府管理学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《经济与管理》2023年第2期11-19,共9页Economy and Management

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目(22AZD037);国家自然科学基金重点项目(71733003);江苏省社会科学基金重大项目(21ZD010)。

摘　　要：隔代照顾是中国较为普遍的儿童照顾方式,但这一照顾方式的占比却在不断下降。社会养老保险制度不断健全可能是其中的原因之一。通过构建祖辈闲暇时间与消费决策的效用模型,并基于2018年中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)数据的实证研究发现,祖辈领取城乡居民基本养老保险金对孙辈的时间照顾及其劳动力供给均产生“挤出”效应,但在对孙辈的经济照顾维度上则产生“挤入”效应;且城乡居民基本养老保险金对隔代抚育的影响存在城乡间、性别间的异质性。鉴于此,需通盘统筹考虑“一老一小”问题,一方面加强政策设计,明确隔代抚育的社会经济价值,实现抚育—养老服务的有序转换,另一方面着力营造包容性政策环境,促进托育服务多元化有效供给。Intergenerational parenting is a more common form of child care in China,but the share of this care is declining.The continuous improvement of the social pension insurance system may be one of the reasons for this.An empirical study based on the 2018 China Health and Retirement Tracking Survey(CHARLS)data and a utility model of grandparents’leisure time and consumption decisions find that grandparents’receipt of basic pension insurance for urban and rural residents has a"crowding out"effect on grandchildren’s time care and their participation in the market labor time.However,there is a"crowding-in"effect on the economic care of grandchildren.There is also heterogeneity between urban and rural areas and between genders in the effect of urban and rural residents’basic pensions on intergenerational parenting.Given this,it is necessary to consider the issue of"one old man,one young woman"in a holistic manner,strengthen the policy design,clarify the socio-economic value of intergenerational parenting,and realize the orderly transition of care and elderly services.On the other hand,we should make efforts to create an inclusive policy environment and promote a diversified and effective supply of childcare services.

关 键 词：城乡居民基本养老保险 隔代抚育 时间照顾 经济照顾 代际交换 

分 类 号：F061.4[经济管理—政治经济学]