小型河口沉积物重金属风险概率与主要贡献因子研究——以江苏中山河为例  

Study on the Probability of Heavy Metal Risk and Main Contributing Factors in Small-Sized Estuarine Sediments:a Case Study of Zhongshan River in Jiangsu Province

作　　者：张虹 徐敏 丁言者[2] 徐文健 李艳霞 Zhang Hong;Xu Min;Ding Yanzhe;Xu Wenjian;Li Yanxia(School of Marine Science and Engineering,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing 210023,China;Nantong Marine Environmental Monitoring Center,Nantong 226002,China)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学海洋科学与工程学院,江苏南京210023 [2]国家海洋局南通海洋环境监测中心站,江苏南通226002

出　　处：《南京师大学报（自然科学版）》2023年第1期64-72,共9页Journal of Nanjing Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：江苏省海洋科技创新项目(JSZRHYKJ202103)。

摘　　要：相对于大型入海河流,小型入海河流缺乏连续环境监测及对河口海域的生态环境影响研究.本文根据2013—2019年江苏中山河口海域7个航次固定站位点采集的70个表层沉积物样品中7种重金属(As、Hg、Cu、Pb、Zn、Cr和Cd)检测数据,利用蒙特卡洛模拟对潜在生态风险与生物毒性风险进行了概率评价,并识别风险主要贡献因子、分析其时空分布特征.研究表明:河口区处于低生态风险的概率为4.0%,处于中生态风险的概率为69.4%,处于高生态风险的概率为26.6%,潜在生物毒性风险处于低风险.相较于潜在生物毒性风险,研究区的潜在生态风险更加值得引起关注.研究区生态风险主要贡献因子是Hg和Cd,其历年高值区处在不断变化中.值得关注的是,小型河口对海洋环境的影响集中在河口附近海域,现有大范围环境监测并不能准确反映研究区沉积物环境质量现状分布特征,加强小型河口区海域环境监测是研究此类河口区环境特征的基础.Compared with large inlet rivers,small-sized inlet rivers lack continuous environmental monitoring and ecological and environmental impact studies on estuarine waters.Based on the detection data of seven heavy metals(As,Hg,Cu,Pb,Zn,Cr and Cd)in 70 surface sediment samples collected from seven fixed stations in Zhongshan Estuary in Jiangsu Province from 2013 to 2019,this paper conducted probability evaluations of potential ecological risk and biotoxicity risk using Monte Carlo simulation,and identified the main contributing factors of risk and analyzed their spatial and temporal distribution characteristics.The study showed that the probability of the estuary being at low ecological risk was 4.0%,at medium ecological risk was 69.4%,at high ecological risk was 26.6%,and the potential biotoxicity risk was at low risk.Compared to the potential biotoxicity risk,the potential ecological risk in the study area is of more concern.The main contributing factors of ecological risk in the study area are Hg and Cd,and their historical high value areas are in constant change.It is worth noting that the impact of small-sized estuary on the marine environment is concentrated in the sea area near the estuary,and the existing large-scale environmental monitoring does not accurately reflect the current distribution characteristics of sediment environmental quality in the study area.Strengthening environmental monitoring in small-sized estuaries is the basis for studying the environmental characteristics of such estuaries.

关 键 词：小型河口 沉积物重金属 风险概率评价 时空分布特征 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X820.4