304不锈钢薄壁管件纵缝焊接接头残余应力数值模拟研究  

Numerical Simulation of Residual Stress in Longitudinal Welded Joint of 304 Stainless Steel Thin-walled Pipes

作　　者：陈勇 徐育烺 杨海波 赵先锐 张涛 王业方 CHEN Yong;XU Yu-lang;YANG Hai-bo;ZHAO Xian-rui;ZHANG Tao;WANG Ye-fang(School of Mechanical Engineering,Nanjing Vocational University of Industry Technology,Nanjing 210023,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Jiangsu University of Science and Technology,Jiangsu Zhenjiang 212003,China;School of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering,Jiangsu Maritime Institute,Nanjing 211100,China)

机构地区：[1]南京工业职业技术大学机械工程学院,南京210023 [2]江苏科技大学材料科学与工程学院,江苏镇江212003 [3]江苏海事职业技术学院船舶与海洋工程学院,南京211100

出　　处：《精密成形工程》2023年第3期155-163,共9页Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering

基　　金：江苏省高等学校自然科学研究项目(20KJB460015);南工科研启动基金项目(YK19-01-04);江苏省工业软件工程技术研究中心项目(ZK20-04-15)。

摘　　要：目的采用数值模拟方法代替传统测量方法,以准确模拟不锈钢薄壁管件焊接接头残余应力分布规律及预热温度对焊接残余应力的影响规律。方法采用TIG焊接方法对304不锈钢进行圆管纵缝焊接试验,以最优焊接工艺参数为基础,基于ABAQUS有限元仿真软件,采用热力完全耦合模型,在DFLUX子程序中运用Fortran语言对模型进行汇编以完成ABAQUS的二次开发,模拟薄壁管件纵缝焊接热力耦合过程,并在模拟结果上添加预热温度为150℃的预热工艺。结果304不锈钢薄壁管件焊接过程中会产生较大的残余应力,局部区域接近管材的屈服应力。纵向残余应力趋于焊缝中心方向由压应力转化为拉应力,焊缝中心横向应力承受压应力,并且随着向焊缝两侧移动,横向残余应力值逐渐趋近于0。焊缝厚度方向上的径向应力值变化幅度较小。预热可以有效降低不同方向上的焊接残余应力,其中对纵向残余应力的改善最为明显。结论数值模拟方法能够准确计算出不锈钢薄壁管件焊接接头残余应力分布,预热处理能够有效降低接头残余应力。The work aims to replace traditional measurement method with numerical simulation method to accurately simulate the distribution of residual stress in the welded joints of stainless steel and the effects of preheating temperature on the residual stress in the welded joints.The longitudinal seam welding test of 304 stainless steel tubes was carried out by TIG welding method.Based on the optimal welding process parameters and ABAQUS finite element simulation software,the thermodynamic complete coupling model was adopted to compile the model in the DFLUX subroutine with Fortran language to complete the secondary development of ABAQUS,simulate the thermodynamic coupling process of longitudinal seam welding of thin-walled pipes,and add the preheating process with the preheating temperature of 150℃to the simulation results.The welding process of 304 stainless steel thin-walled pipes will produce large residual stress,and which was locally close to the yield stress of the pipe.The longitudinal residual stress tended to change from compressive stress to tensile stress in the direction of the weld center,and the transverse stress in the weld center beard compressive stress,and the value of the transverse residual stress gradually approached to 0 as it moved to both sides of the weld.The radial stress value in the direction of weld thickness changed slightly.Preheating can effectively reduce welding residual stress in different directions,and the improvement of longitudinal residual stress was the most obvious.The numerical simulation method can accurately calculate the residual stress distribution of the welded joints of stainless steel thin-walled round pipes,and the preheating treatment can effectively reduce the residual stress of the joints.

关 键 词：304不锈钢 圆管 纵缝 数值模拟 残余应力 

分 类 号：TG404[金属学及工艺—焊接]