基于AP-42方法的2019年我国加油站VOCs排放分析  

Analysis of VOCs Emissions from Gas Stations in China in 2019 Based on AP-42 Method

作　　者：王燕军[1,2] 张鹤丰[1,2] 尹航[1,2] 吴倩[1,2] 王运静[1,2] 王军方[1,2] 纪亮[1,2] WANG Yanjun;ZHANG Hefeng;YIN Hang;WU Qian;WANG Yunjing;WANG Junfang;JI Liang(State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Vehicle Emission Control and Simulation,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;Vehicle Emission Control Center,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,国家环境保护机动车污染控制与模拟重点实验室,北京100012 [2]中国环境科学研究院机动车排污监控中心,北京100012

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2023年第3期483-489,共7页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：O_(3)和PM_(2.5)复合污染协同防控科技攻关预研项目(No.DQGG202023)。

摘　　要：加油站成品油销售过程产生的VOCs由于物种活性高、臭氧生成潜势大,一直是我国大气O_(3)污染防治的重点污染源之一.为了解我国不同地区加油站VOCs污染特征和排放强度,利用美国环境保护部(USEPA)人为源空气污染物排放清单编制技术手册中推荐的加油站VOCs排放测算方法(AP-42方法),结合2019年我国31个省(自治区、直辖市)油品消费量情况以及直辖市、省会(首府)城市的环境地理信息等(不包括港澳台地区数据,下同),定量测算了2019年我国各省份加油站VOCs排放因子和排放量,研究了不同情景下我国加油站VOCs的减排潜力.结果表明:(1)我国各直辖市、省会(首府)城市加油站汽油VOCs排放因子的平均值为2.41 kg/t,但差异性较大,海口市最高(3.46 kg/t),拉萨市最低(1.47 kg/t),二者相差1.35倍.(2)无控制情形下,2019年我国加油站VOCs排放量约为41.48×10^(4)t,主要集中在南方部分地区(广东省、江苏省、湖北省、四川省、湖南省、浙江省、安徽省、福建省)和地域人口大省(河南省、山东省和辽宁省),占加油站VOCs排放总量的64.54%.(3)我国加油站VOCs减排潜力仍十分巨大,当汽油油气回收效率在90%以上时,加油站VOCs排放量将降到5.44×10^(4)t以下;差异化的管控措施情景下,我国加油站VOCs排放量也将下降25.07×10^(4)~30.23×10^(4)t.研究显示,我国加油站VOCs排放地域性差异较大,有针对性的管控措施有助于加油站VOCs减排.VOCs emission from gas stations has been one of the key areas for atmospheric O_(3)pollution prevention in China due to their high species activity and high ozone formation potential.To understand the VOCs pollution characteristics and emission intensity of gas stations in different areas of China,this study quantitatively calculated the VOCs emission factors and emissions of gas stations in provinces in China in 2019 by using the method in the technical manual for the compilation of anthropogenic air pollutant emission inventory(AP-42)recommended by the US Environmental Protection Agency(US EPA),combined with China′s refined oil consumption by provinces(excluding data of Hong Kong,Macao and Taiwan,the same below)in 2019 and the environmental geographic information in municipalities,provincial capitals of China.The VOCs reduction potentials were analyzed under different scenarios.The results showed that:(1)The average emission factors of VOCs from gasoline in gas stations in municipalities,provincial capitals of China were 2.41 kg/t.There were great differences in the VOCs emission factors in various areas of China.The highest VOCs emission factor,3.46 kg/t,came from Haikou City,while the Lasha City had the lowest factor of 1.47 kg/t.The difference of the highest and lowest emission factors was about 1.35 times.(2)In 2019,about 414,800 t of VOCs were generated by gas stations with the recovery efficiencies were not included.The VOCs were mainly generated in 11 provinces in southern China(Guangdong Province,Jiangsu Province,Hubei Province,Sichuan Province,Hunan Province,Zhejiang Province,Anhui Province and Fujian Province),and the provinces(Henan Province,Shandong Province and Liaoning Province)which have large populations,accounted for 64.54%of the total emissions.(3)The VOCs emission reduction potential of gas stations in China was still very great.When the vapor recovery efficiency of gasoline reached 90%,the VOCs emissions from gas stations will drop below 54,400 t.Considering different control measures,the

关 键 词：加油站 VOCs排放 AP-42方法 减排潜力 

分 类 号：X701[环境科学与工程—环境工程]