中华人民共和国成立初期皖北地区戏曲剧团工资制度的嬗变  

The Evolution of Payment System of Xiqu Troupes in North Anhui in the Early Days of the People’s Republic of China

作　　者：马报[1] MA Bao

机构地区：[1]滁州学院党委宣传部

出　　处：《戏剧艺术》2022年第6期122-134,共13页Theatre Arts

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“新中国成立初期大众文艺中的英雄人物塑造及精神示范研究”(21CDJ029)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：传统戏班工资分配有拆账和包银两种方式,名角拿包银,班底一般采取拆账制。解放后,地方戏曲剧团逐步废除包银制,民主评议薪水,按照一定的分值分配收入。这一分配制度在保障演职人员基本生活的同时,逐步缩小了剧团内部工资差距。此后,货币工资制逐渐代替了原来的工资分制,剧团人员按照工作类别与职级划分不同的工资标准,并以货币形式结算。剧团工资制度改革是贯彻按劳分配理念的实践过程,在破与立、内与外、个人与集体之间呈现复杂的张力关系,需要改革者灵活调控。The traditional payment system of theatrical troupes consisted two forms: payment by a share of the takings and stated payment by contract. Famous actors were paid with stated payment by contract, while ordinary actors received their payment by share of the takings. After Liberation, stated payment were gradually abolished, and with democratic discussion on manner of payment, actors and staff in regional troupes received payment according to a certain score, gradually serving to narrow the wage gap within the troupe when ensuring the basic life of people. Later, monetary payment system gradually replaced the score system, with actors and staff divided into groups of different salary levels according to their work and rank in the troupe, thus paid in cash. The reform of payment system was a process of implementing the concept of distribution according to work. It presents the complex relationship between breaking and making, the internal and the external, and the individuals and the group—thus it required reformers to master the art of flexible regulation.

关 键 词：皖北 戏曲剧团 工资制度 嬗变 

分 类 号：J80[艺术—戏剧戏曲]