基于土地利用时空格局演变的新乡市生态风险分析  

Analysis of Ecological Risk in Xinxiang City Based on Spatial-Temporal Pattern Evolution of Land Use

作　　者：李旭芳 翁飞帆 丁铮 Li Xufang;Weng Feifan;Ding Zheng(College of Landscape Architecture,Fujian Architecture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学园林学院,福州350002

出　　处：《中国城市林业》2023年第1期131-136,共6页Journal of Chinese Urban Forestry

基　　金：福建乡村庭院的形态与经济产业的融合创新发展(FJKX-A2008)。

摘　　要：高速的城镇化发展使新乡市的生态环境逐步脆弱,基于土地利用时空格局演变的生态风险研究旨在为新乡市的土地结构优化及生态建设提供科学的理论依据。文章以新乡市2000年、2010年、2020年土地利用数据为基础,构建生态风险指数,采用ArcGIS空间分析法对新乡市的土地利用类型及土地利用时空格局演变下的生态风险变化特征进行分析。结果表明:(1)2000—2020年新乡市的土地利用类型及面积发生不同程度的变化,耕地作为优势景观,面积不断缩小;林地面积先增加后减少,但总量趋于平稳;草地不断退化,面积不断缩小;建设用地的面积呈现持续增长的状态,城市的建设加快了土地利用类型的变化速率。(2)由于城市用地极速扩张,耕地成为主要土地转出类型,大幅转化为建设用地且转化比例逐渐增大。(3)新乡市的土地利用生态风险异质性显著且呈上升趋势,但低生态风险区占主导地位,高生态风险区主要位于城市中心的建设用地并呈放射状向周边辐射,较低生态风险区主要位于研究区北部,较高生态风险区主要位于南部水域,受人为干扰较多。总之,新乡市的生态风险与土地利用类型及转换速率保持一致并呈现非正向发展,亟需对新乡市的生态环境状况进行合理改善。The rapid development of urbanization has resulted in the gradually fragile ecological environment in Xinxiang City.The ecological risk research based on the evolution of spatial-temporal pattern of land use is aimed at providing science-based theoretical basis for optimizing land structure and improving ecological environment in Xinxiang City.Based on the land use data of Xinxiang City in 2000,2010 and 2020,this paper constructs the ecological risk index,and uses ArcGIS spatial analysis method to analyze the types of land use and the ecological risk change characteristics under the evolution of land use spatial-temporal pattern in Xinxiang City.The results show that:(1)The types and area of land use in Xinxiang City have changed to varying degrees from 2000 to 2020.Cultivated land as the dominant landscape has been shrinking in area.Forest land area increased first and then decreased and now tends to be stable.Grassland area has continuously reduced due to continuous degradation.The area of built land continues to grow.Urban development has accelerated the change rate of land use types;(2)Due to the rapid expansion of urban land,cultivated land has become the main type of land transfer,a large number of which has been converted into built land,and the proportion of conversion has gradually increased;and(3)The heterogeneity of land use ecological risk in Xinxiang City is obvious and shows an upward trend,but the low ecological risk area is dominant.The high ecological risk area is mainly located at the built land in the center of the city and radiates to the surrounding.The relatively low ecological risk area is mainly located in the northern part of the study area,while the relatively high ecological risk area is mainly located around the water bodies in the southern part,which is more interfered by human beings.To sum up,the ecological risk in Xinxiang City is consistent with the land use type and conversion rate,and shows a non-positive development.It is urgent to reasonably improve the ecological environment

关 键 词：土地利用 生态风险 ArcGIS空间分析法 新乡市 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程] F301.2[经济管理—产业经济]