青海省海西州种植苜蓿的经济与生态价值  

Economic and Ecological Value of Alfalfa Cultivation in Haixi Prefecture of Qinghai Province

作　　者：乌云珠拉 旭荣花 王昌明[1] 刘存花 李海英 Wuyun Zhula;Xu Ronghua;Wang Changming;Liu Cunhua;Li Haiying(Haixi Prefecture Meteorological Bureau of Qinghai Province,Delingha 817000,China;Haixi Prefecture Science and Technology Bureau of Qinghai Province,Delingha 817000,China)

机构地区：[1]青海省海西州气象局,德令哈817000 [2]青海省海西州科技局,德令哈817000

出　　处：《青海科技》2023年第1期61-66,共6页Qinghai Science and Technology

摘　　要：青海省海西州主要农牧业发展模式为半农半牧,生态系统类型多样但较为敏感和脆弱,草畜矛盾突出。2022年海西州草产量与近10年、近5年及2021年产量相比,分别下降3.36%、8.96%和11.24%。在畜牧业生产过程中,补饲适宜的苜蓿草,可提升肉质、产奶量、蛋鸡产量,增加经济收入;苜蓿草根瘤菌可增加土壤微生物数量,从而提高土壤肥力,提升土壤水源涵养能力。因此,海西州发展人工种植苜蓿产业,可平衡自然放牧对草地生态的压力,对提升畜牧业品质和生产性能、改善土壤肥力、提高草地生态系统的碳汇等具有重要意义。The main agricultural and animal husbandry development mode of Haixi Prefecture in Qinghai Province is semi-agricultural and semi-pastoral with diverse ecosystem types but relatively sensitive and fragile,and the contradiction between grass and livestock in Haixi Prefecture is prominent.Compared with the output in the past 10 years,the past 5 years and 2021,the grass production in Haixi Prefecture in 2022 decreased by 3.36%,8.96%and 11.24%,respectively.In the process of animal husbandry production,supplementing the feeding of suitable alfalfa grass can improve meat quality,milk production,layer hen yield,and increase economic income.Alfalfa rhizobia can increase the number of soil microorganisms,thereby improving soil fertility and soil water conservation capacity.Therefore,the development of alfalfa industry in Haixi Prefecture can balance the pressure of natural grazing on grassland ecology,improve the quality and production performance of animal husbandry,soil fertility,and the carbon sink of grassland ecosystem.

关 键 词：海西州 苜蓿 人工牧草 土壤肥力 

分 类 号：S541.9[农业科学—作物学]