超低压降静电辅助PET/PVDF织造结构滤材的制备及其空气过滤性能  

Preparation of static-electrical assistant PET/PVDF woven structural filter with ultralow pressure drop and its air filtration properties

作　　者：翟雯 韩世娇 范伟思 芦路路 李源 蒋秋冉[1] ZHAI Wen;HAN Shijiao;FAN Weisi;LU Lulu;LI Yuan;JIANG Qiuran(College of Textiles,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China)

机构地区：[1]东华大学纺织学院,上海201620

出　　处：《现代纺织技术》2023年第2期112-121,共10页Advanced Textile Technology

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2232022D-13)。

摘　　要：为攻克空气滤材高滤效低压降难以兼顾的瓶颈,进一步提高滤材的过滤性能,在导电机织滤材的研究基础上增附储电层。以聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)机织结构织物为基底,利用化学原位反应构筑结合层与导电层,而后采用静电喷涂技术构筑具有微米颗粒结构的聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)储电层,最终获得具有超疏松结构导储结合特性的静电负载功能滤材。研究静电喷涂参数对滤材表观形貌、厚度、力学性能、电学性能、透气性的影响,并在有源静电负载条件下研究滤材的过滤性能以及积尘分布情况,基于电场模拟分析过滤机理。结果表明:随PVDF喷涂溶液质量分数提升和喷涂时间延长,在保证无细丝产生的条件下,PVDF附着量可在0~19.2μg/cm^(2)之间调整;3%喷涂质量分数、3 min的喷涂时间为最佳参数;滤材厚度、表面比电阻、顶破强力、透气率不随PVDF附着量变化而有显著变化;滤材压降也无明显变化,可维持在超低值(6.7 Pa),但对PM_(2.5)的滤效随PVDF附着量增加和电压的提高而提升,可达94.29%,品质因子高达0.43 Pa^(-1);静电辅助下,积尘量减少,可推测静电排斥为除尘机理之一,有利于提升过滤性能,延长滤料使用寿命。With the rapid development of industry, air pollution has gradually become a serious threat to public health. Fine particulate matter, such as PM_(2.5), is the main component of air pollutants and also the main carrier of other types of air pollutants. The efficient filtration technology of indoor fine particulate matter has received increasing attention. The traditional filtration technology mainly includes mechanical filtration and electrostatic assisted filtration. The improvement of mechanical filtration efficiency based on physical interception effect mainly depends on the increase in the thickness and fiber density of filters, but provokes the elevation of filtration resistance and energy consumption. Thereby, it is difficult to achieve high filtration efficiency while maintaining the low pressure drop. The electrostatic assisted filtration system includes electrostatic precipitator and electret filtration system. The removal of particulate matter depends on the electrostatic interaction between the fine particulate matter and filter material, which can greatly reduce the resistance to air. However, the traditional electrostatic precipitator shows low efficiency in capturing fine particulate matter, and the electret filtration system has limited capability to carry sufficient charges for long-time serving, and the decay in charges often occurs. Therefore, the development of long-term, stable, highly efficient and low-resistant filtration systems has long been an obstacle in the field of air filtration. Our team has developed an electrostatic assisted filtration system in the early stage. Using a high voltage power supply, the filtration system maintains stable charge loading during the whole serving life and establishes a strong electrostatic field which is able to charge fine particles and remove them through electrostatic interaction. This system can overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages of the traditional electrostatic filtration systems. However, the charging efficiency is still limited. The diffic

关 键 词：静电辅助 空气过滤 PM_(2.5) PVDF 静电喷射 织物基滤料 

分 类 号：TS105.5[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]