政治修辞:中西对比镜像——兼谈修辞学术生产隐蔽的问题  

A Contrast of Chinese and Western Political Rhetoric:Also on the Issues behind the Rhetorical Research Production

作　　者：谭学纯[1] TAN Xuechun

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学文学院,福建福州350007

出　　处：《海峡人文学刊》2023年第1期61-67,F0002,157,共9页Journal of Humanities Across the Straits

摘　　要：不同于西方论辩/演说修辞面向公共空间的政治动员和文化动员,中国先秦诸子争鸣多属精英之间的思想交锋;不同于西方论辩/演说的强大气场,中国古代面向王权的讽谏/奏章/策论/游说/上寿等修辞不失温柔敦厚风范。清末民初作为“新学”象征的演说,是最接近古希腊传统的政治修辞。西方论辩/演说以“说”的方式,承担政治修辞功能;中国古代“春秋笔法”以“写”的方式,由解经、历史记述、文学生产分别承担政治修辞功能。包括但不限于政治修辞的学术生产,真实面相不是语言本体,也不是修辞本体,而是“修辞学+”,背后隐蔽的问题空间,涉及中国修辞学科建设重要的理论问题和学术实践。Different from the public-oriented western polemical/oratorical rhetoric applied in political and cultural mobilization,Chinese rhetoric of the Pre-Qin Dynasty thinkers is characterized by the confrontation of thoughts and ideas among social elites.Different from the powerful aura of the western polemical/oratorical rhetoric,the ancient Chinese rhetoric directed towards the throne,in the form of advice,memorials,political discourse,lobbing and epideictic speeches,is characterized by sincerity and prudence.At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republican Period,public speeches viewed as a symbol of“New Learning”,which is closest to the style of political rhetoric of ancient Greek tradition.Western polemical/oratorical rhetoric serves the political purposes in the form of“oratorical speech”,while the Chinese classic rhetoric characterized by tactful and subtle features serves the political purposes in the form of“writings”of classics interpretation,historical narratives,as well as literary texts.With reference to this tradition,the study of China’s academic production including but not limited to political rhetoric,is neither confined to language per se nor to rhetoric per se,but should be viewed from the perspective of“rhetoric+”.The research concerns thereby involve both theoretical and practical problem space in the disciplinary construction of rhetorical study in China.

关 键 词：论辩/演说 政治修辞 “修辞学+” 广义修辞学 问题空间 

分 类 号：H05[语言文字—语言学]