氧化脱胶体系对亚麻纤维理化性能的影响  

Effects of the oxidation system on physicochemical properties of flax fibers

作　　者：汤灵辉 孟超然 张琳 沈根 傅佳佳 TANG Linghui;MENG Chaoran;ZHANG Lin;SHEN Gen;FU Jiajia(College of Textile Science and Engineering,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,China)

机构地区：[1]江南大学纺织科学与工程学院,江苏无锡214122

出　　处：《丝绸》2023年第3期46-53,共8页Journal of Silk

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(31470509);江苏省自然科学基金青年基金项目(BK20190609);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(JUSRP122006);纺织行业天然染料重点实验室开放基金资助项目(SDHY2122);江南大学大学生创新训练计划项目(2022049Z)。

摘　　要：尽管亚麻纤维的氧化脱胶技术因高效环保受到研究者的广泛关注,不同氧化体系脱胶制得纤维理化性能的差异尚未有系统报道。本文采用碱性过氧化氢、过碳酸钠、TEMPO体系及NHPI体系四种氧化体系进行亚麻纤维的脱胶。结果表明:四种氧化体系均能成功实现亚麻纤维的脱胶,脱胶后纤维的残余木质素含量分别为1.29%、1.74%、1.62%、1.42%,残余果胶含量分别为1.09%、1.58%、1.34%、1.67%,聚合度分别为1 268、2 315、1 086、572,束纤维强度分别为49.14、63.09、39.08、24.41 cN/tex,线密度分别为10.41、15.72、8.33、10.32 dtex。可见,NHPI体系制得的纤维强伸性能较差且残余果胶含量较高;TEMPO体系制得的纤维线密度较佳,但残余木质素含量较高且聚合度较低;过碳酸钠体系制得的纤维强伸性能最佳,但残余木质素及残余果胶含量较高;碱性过氧化氢体系制得的纤维则残余胶质含量最低。Linen products are widely used in clothing, home textiles and industrial textiles and are favored in the textile market for their excellent properties, such as good moisture permeability, antibacterial and anti-radiation properties. The key to improve the spinnability of flax raw materials and the quality of finished products lies in degumming and extracting high-quality hemp fibers. Traditional chemical degumming methods of flax involve complicated steps, long production process and high labor intensity, which is no longer in line with the current trend of efficient production in factories. The research and development of efficient and energy-saving oxidative degumming has attracted wide attention of researchers. In recent years, degumming flax fibers with various oxidant systems has become a research hotspot. The main principle of oxidation and degumming is to use oxidizer to quickly degrade the colloid, and complete the bleaching at the same time, which can simplify the cooking-bleaching process in the traditional de-bonding process. At present, alkaline hydrogen peroxide is the most commonly used flax oxidation degumming system, sodium percarbonate is often used as bleach and dyeing agent in the textile industry, while the TEMPO system and the NHPI system are more frequently used for selective oxidation of plant cellulose to prepare fibers with high carboxyl content of high added value. However, no related application in degumming of hemp fibers has been reported. At the same time, the differences of physical and chemical properties of the four oxidation systems have not been systematically studied. The four oxidation systems of alkaline hydrogen peroxide, sodium percarbonate, TEMPO system and NHPI system were used in this study. The results show that all the four oxidation systems can successfully realize the degumming of flax fibers. Compared with primary flax, the collagen content of flax fiber lignin and pectin decreases significantly, the change of polymerization and bundle fiber strength varies greatly,

关 键 词：亚麻纤维 氧化脱胶 纤维强伸性能 残余木质素 残余果胶 纤维损伤 

分 类 号：TS123.3[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计]