复方中草药添加剂对生茸期梅花鹿瘤胃发酵及菌群结构的影响  

Effects of Compound Chinese Herbal Medicine Additives on Rumen Fermentation and Bacterial Structure of Sika Deer during Antler Growing Period

作　　者：魏倩倩 马琳[1,2] 刘兴医 常忠娟 杨乾龙[1] 赵蒙 WEI Qianqian;MA Lin;LIU Xingyi;CHANG Zhongjuan;YANG Qianlong;ZHAO Meng(Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jilin Changchun 130112,China;Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院特产研究所,吉林长春130112 [2]中国农业科学院研究生院,北京100081

出　　处：《饲料工业》2023年第5期96-100,共5页Feed Industry

基　　金：吉林省发改委省级产业创新专项资金项目“提高梅花鹿生产性能产业技术研究与开发专项”[2018C050-5];2021年创新工程-茸鹿增效养殖技术研究与应用项目[2060302-21-2021094];特种动物增效养殖技术团队项目[2060302-21-202112]。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究复方中草药添加剂对生茸期梅花鹿瘤胃发酵及菌群结构的影响。选取12头梅花鹿,随机分为2组,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组饲喂基础饲粮+10 g/(头·d)复方中草药添加剂,预试期7 d,正式饲喂49 d。结果表明:①试验组瘤胃pH显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而丙酸浓度显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。②试验组Chao1和Ace指数显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。③在门水平上,试验组厚壁菌门和广古菌门的相对丰度显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而未分类细菌和放线菌门的相对丰度显著低于对照组(P<0.05);在属水平上,试验组克里斯滕森菌科_R-7菌属、醋酸菌属、瘤胃球菌属和瘤胃球菌科_NK4A214菌属的相对丰度显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。综上所述,添加10 g/(头·d)的复方中草药添加剂能够提高生茸期梅花鹿瘤胃pH,降低瘤胃菌群丰富度并改变菌群结构。The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of compound Chinese herbal medicine additives on the rumen fermentation and bacterial structure of sika deer during antler growing period.A total of 12 sika deer were selected and randomly divided into two groups.The deer in control group were fed with the basal diet and those in the experimental group were fed with basal diet+10 g/(head·day)compound Chinese herbal medicine additives.The pre-feeding period was seven days and the normal feeding period was 49 days.The results showed that:①The rumen pH of the test group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05),while the propionic acid was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).②the Chao1 and Ace indexes were significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).③At the phylum level,the abundances of Firmicutes and Euryarchaeota were significantly higher in rumen of the test group than those of the control group(P<0.05),while the abundances of Unclassified_Bacteria and Actinobacteria were significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).At the genus level,the abundances of Christensenaceae_R-7,Acetobacter,Ruminococcus and Ruminococcus_NK4A214 in the test group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).In conclusion,adding 10 g/(head·day)compound Chinese herbal medicine additives could increased rumen pH,reduced the abundance of rumen flora and change the flora structure during antler growing period.

关 键 词：复方中草药 梅花鹿 生茸期 瘤胃发酵 菌群结构 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]