宋代政务处理中奏议留中的非制度性现象——以宋仁宗时期为中心  

The Non-institutional Phenomenon of Zouyi Liuzhong in Dealing with Government Affairs in Song Dynasty——Centered on Song Renzong Period

作　　者：寇欢 KOU Huan(School of History,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学历史学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《烟台大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第2期71-78,91,共9页Journal of Yantai University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“宋代县级财政与国家基层治理研究”(20BRK015)。

摘　　要：皇帝通常对既定政治制度不能随意兴废,但可在政治运行过程中使非制度性政治行为常态化。宋仁宗时期,政务处理空间后移,官员奏议多呈送禁中,待君主以文书裁定。在这一过程中,仁宗有意扩大了留中奏议的范围,使得奏议留中成为奏议处理的常态化手段。当皇帝留中奏议,欲以己意下发诏令时,若两制官员以缴还词头的方式阻滞政令下达,皇帝则会以熟状或内降的形式下发政令,从而绕开两制官员。官员对奏议留中的异议多针对政事本身,并不针对将留中作为奏议的处理方式。非制度性奏议留中这类政务处理方式有效弥补了正式制度的缺陷,使得君主的政务处理方式更加多元且富有弹性。The emperor can not give up the established political system at will,but can use the non-institutional political behavior in the process of political operation,make it normal but not institutionalized.During the reign of Emperor Renzong of Song Dynasty,the space for handling government affairs moved back,official’s Zouyi are mostly submitted to the Jinzhong,waiting for the emperor in writing.The emperor obscured the scope of Liuzhong,making Liuzhong a normal way to deal with Zouyi.When the emperor wanted to issue an edict of his own will,the officials would reject it,but the emperor would issue an edict in other ways to bypass the officials.Officials’objections to the Liuzhong are mostly aimed at the political affairs themselves,not against the Liuzhong as a way of handling government affairs.The non-institutional Zouyi Liuzhong of such government affairs processing methods effectively make up for the defects of the formal system,making the monarch’s government affairs processing methods more diverse and flexible.

关 键 词：宋仁宗 奏议留中 北宋政治 

分 类 号：K244[历史地理—历史学]