杭州市老年人群肺功能状况调查  

Assessment of pulmonary functions among the elderly in Hangzhou City

作　　者：龚科米 廖辉 陈树昶[3] 刘卫艳[3] 徐珊珊[3] 吕烨[3] 伍丽 徐虹[3] GONG Kemi;LIAO Hui;CHEN Shuchang;LIU Weiyan;XU Shanshan;LÜ Ye;WU Li;XU Hong(School of Biological and Environmental Engineering,Zhejiang Shuren University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310015,China;Zhejiang Chinese Medical University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310053,China;Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310021,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江树人学院生物与环境工程学院,浙江杭州310015 [2]浙江中医药大学,浙江杭州310053 [3]杭州市疾病预防控制中心,浙江杭州310021

出　　处：《预防医学》2023年第3期246-249,共4页CHINA PREVENTIVE MEDICINE JOURNAL

基　　金：杭州市卫生科技计划重点项目(ZD20200037)。

摘　　要：目的了解杭州市老年人群肺功能状况,为老年人群呼吸系统疾病防治工作提供依据。方法于2020年11—12月,选择杭州市60~75岁常住居民为调查对象。采用便携式肺功能仪测定肺功能水平,包括大气道[用力呼气量(FVC)、第一秒用力呼气量(FEV_(1))和FEV_(1)占FVC的百分比(FEV_(1)/FVC)]和小气道功能指标[25%肺活量时的最大呼气流速(MEF_(25%))、75%肺活量时的最大呼气流速(MEF_(75%))和25%~75%肺活量时的用力呼气流量(FEF_(25%~75%))],分析不同性别、年龄和体质指数(BMI)老年人的肺功能状况。结果调查314人,其中男性126人,占40.13%;年龄为(68.49±4.47)岁;BMI为(23.51±2.79)kg/m^(2)。FEV_(1)为(1.97±0.53)L、FVC为(2.51±0.72)L、FEV_(1)/FVC为(79.79±11.47)%,MEF_(25%)为(0.98±0.53)L/s、MEF_(75%)为(3.84±1.65)L/s、FEF_(25%~75%)为(1.99±0.91)L/s。男性FEV_(1)、FVC、MEF_(75%)和FEF_(25%~75%)分别为(2.22±0.55)L、(2.92±0.75)L、(4.19±1.82)L/s和(2.14±1.07)L/s,高于女性的(1.79±0.43)L、(2.24±0.55)L、(3.59±1.49)L/s和(1.90±0.77)L/s(均P<0.05)。不同年龄组中以70~75岁组FEV_(1)、FVC、MEF_(25%)、MEF_(75%)和FEF_(25%~75%)较低,分别为(1.75±0.46)L、(2.27±0.64)L、(0.88±0.57)L/s、(3.39±1.45)L/s和(1.79±0.96)L/s。大、小气道功能异常均为127例,异常率均为40.45%。结论杭州市老年人大、小气道功能异常率均为40.45%,女性和高龄老年人肺功能水平较低。Objective To investigate the pulmonary functions among the elderly in Hangzhou City,so as to provide in-sights into the management of respiratory diseases among the elderly.MethodsPermanent residents at ages of 60 to75 years were sampled from Hangzhou City from November to December 2020.The pulmonary function was tested us-ing a portable pulmonary function monitor,including large airway function parameters[forced expiratory volume(FVC),forced expiratory volume in a second(FEV_(1))and FEV_(1)/FVC],and small airway function parameters[maximum expiratory flow rate at 75%vital capacity(MEF_(75%)),the maximum expiratory flow rate at 25%of vital capacity(MEF_(25%))and the forced expiratory flow rate(FEF_(25%-75%))at 25%to 75%of vital capacity].The pulmonary functions were compared among the elderly with different genders,ages and body mass index(BMI).ResultsTotally 314 participants were recruited,in-cluding 126 men(40.13%),with a mean age of(68.49±4.47)years and mean BMI of(23.51±2.79)kg/m^(2).The mean FEV_(1),FVC,FEV_(1)/FVC,MEF_(25%),MEF_(75%)and FEF_(25%-75%)were(1.97±0.53)L,(2.51±0.72)L,(79.79±11.47)%,(0.98±0.53)L/s,(3.84±1.65)L/s and(1.99±0.91)L/s among the participants,respectively.Higher FEV_(1)[(2.22±0.55)vs.(1.79±0.43)L,P<0.05],FVC[(2.92±0.75)vs.(2.24±0.55)L,P<0.05],MEF_(75%)[(4.19±1.82)vs.(3.59±1.49)L/s,P<0.05]and FEF_(25%-75%)[(2.14±1.07)vs.(1.90±0.77)L/s,P<0.05]were tested among men than among women,and lower FEV_(1)[(1.75±0.46)L],FVC[(2.27±0.64)L],MEF_(25%)[(0.88±0.57)L/s],MEF_(75%)[(3.39±1.45)L/s]and FEF_(25%-75%)[(1.79±0.96)L/s]were tested among the elderly at ages of 70 to 74 years.The proportion of large and small airway dysfunctions was 40.45%among the participants.ConclusionsThe proportion of large and small airway dysfunctions was 40.45%among the elderly in Hangzhou City,and poor pulmonary functions were tested among the women and the advanced elderly.

关 键 词：肺功能 老年人 大气道 小气道 

分 类 号：R443[医药卫生—诊断学]