基于SWOT模型的黄河流域用水权交易发展策略研究  

Research on the Development Strategy of Water Rights Trading in the Yellow River Basin Based on SWOT Model

作　　者：殷会娟[1] 张文鸽[1] 王生鑫 YIN Hui-juan;ZHANG Wen-ge;WANG Sheng-xin(Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research,YRCC,Zhengzhou 450003,Henan Province,China;Ningxia Hydrology and Water Resources Monitoring and Early Warning Center,Yinchuan 750000,Ningxia,China)

机构地区：[1]黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院,河南郑州450003 [2]宁夏水文水资源监测预警中心,宁夏银川750000

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2023年第3期47-52,共6页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51809104、51979119)。

摘　　要：黄河流域用水权交易是提高水资源利用效率及效益、实现黄河流域生态保护与高质量发展的有效途径。为了有效分析黄河流域用水权交易的发展现状,运用SWOT分析模型,构建了包含14个变量指标的黄河流域用水权交易发展趋势评价指标体系,并结合EFE和IFE矩阵分析法对内部影响因素和外部影响因素进行定量评价,全面分析了黄河流域用水权交易目前所处的优势(S)、劣势(W)、机遇(O)及挑战(T),确定了黄河流域用水权交易的发展战略。结果表明:黄河用水权交易机遇多于挑战,且机会优势较为明显;优势高于劣势,但劣势对黄河用水权交易的影响还比较大。黄河流域用水权交易现状总体处于SO增长性战略,需要利用目前所处的良好的外部机遇,最大限度激发内部优势。最后,提出了拓宽可交易水权范围、创新水权交易激励机制、探索水权交易价格形成机制以及完善水权交易监管机制等推进用水权交易的对策建议。研究成果可为黄河流域未来用水权交易发展方向的确定提供借鉴。Water right trading in the Yellow River Basin is an effective way to improve the utilization efficiency and utilization benefit of water resources.Besides,it is effective to achieve ecological protection and high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin.In order to analyze the development status of water right trading in the Yellow River Basin,the SWOT model is adopted,and the evaluation index system of the development trend of water right trading in the Yellow River Basin,which contains 14 variable indexes,is constructed.In addition,EFE and IFE matrix analyses are combined to quantitatively evaluate the internal and external influencing factors which includes the strengths(S),weakness(W),opportunities(O)and threats(T)of water right trading in the Yellow River Basin.Then the development strategy of water right trading in the Yellow River Basin is determined.The results show that there are more opportunities than threats in water right trading in the Yellow River Basin,and strengths surpass weaknesses,but weaknesses have a greater impact on water right trading in the Yellow River.The current situation of water right trading in the Yellow River Basin is generally in a SO growth strategy,and it is necessary to take advantage of the external opportunities and maximize the internal strengths.Finally,some suggestions are put forward to promote water right trading,including broadening the scope of tradable water rights,innovating the incentive mechanism of water right trading,exploring the price formation mechanism of water right trading,improving the supervision mechanism of water right trading and so on.This paper can provide a reference for the future development direction of water right trading in the Yellow River Basin.

关 键 词：水权交易 黄河流域 SWOT分析 EFE矩阵 IFE矩阵 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]