溢油在海洋生态系统中的风化、生态学效应及环境风险评价  

Weathering,ecological impacts and environmental risk assessment of oil spills in marine ecosystem

作　　者：张晖 母清林 韩锡锡 王悠[1,2] ZHANG Hui;MU Qing-lin;HAN Xi-xi;WANG You(College of Marine Life Sciences,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003,China;Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology,Qingdao 266237,China;Zhejiang Provincial Zhoushan Marine Ecological Environmental Monitoring Station,Zhoushan 316000,China;North China Sea Environmental Monitory Center,Qingdao 266003,China)

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海洋生命学院,山东青岛266003 [2]青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室,山东青岛266237 [3]浙江省舟山海洋生态环境监测站,浙江舟山316000 [4]国家海洋局北海环境监测中心,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《海洋科学》2023年第1期99-107,共9页Marine Sciences

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务经费重大项目培育项目(201822005);浙江省环保科研课题经费(2019A002);国家自然科学基金-山东省联合基金重点项目(U1606404)。

摘　　要：海洋石油污染是全球性的海洋环境问题之一,对海洋生态系统影响极大。本文综述了溢油入海后降解、转化及其随食物链的传递过程,分析其对海洋三大生物类群的毒性效应及可能的作用机制,探讨评价溢油环境风险的方法,并对今后的研究进行展望,为深入研究溢油的生态学效应、科学评价溢油的环境生态风险提供参考。Oil spill is one of the global marine environmental problems that is documented to exert serious impacts on marine ecosystem.In this paper,the degradation,bio-transformation of spilled oil after entering marine ecosystem and its transferring process along the food chain are reviewed,and its toxic effects on three marine ecological biota and the possible mechanism involved in the process are discussed.Besides,the bio-monitoring methodology and ecological risk assessments are presented.The present review would shed light on the further research of oil spill in coastal ecosystem and on the studies of marine protection and sustainability.

关 键 词：海洋溢油 风化过程 生态学效应 环境风险评估 

分 类 号：X55[环境科学与工程—环境工程]