有机蒙脱土改性阻燃聚酯的制备及其抗熔滴性能分析  

Preparation of organic montmorillonite modified flame retardant polyester and its anti-droplet performance analysis

作　　者：许卓 张顺花[1] XU Zhuo;ZHANG Shunhua(School of Materials Science&Engineering,Zhejiang Sci-Tech University,Hangzhou 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学材料科学与工程学院,杭州310018

出　　处：《浙江理工大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第2期192-197,共6页Journal of Zhejiang Sci-Tech University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：杭州市萧山区重大科技计划项目(2020105);海宁市协同创新项目(20210102)。

摘　　要：为减少阻燃聚酯在高温燃烧过程中形成熔滴物而造成的二次火灾,提高阻燃聚酯的抗熔滴性能,选用有机蒙脱土(Organic montmorillonite,OMMT)与阻燃聚酯经熔融共混,制备阻燃聚酯/OMMT复合材料。采用热重分析、临界氧指数和垂直燃烧测试法分别对阻燃聚酯/OMMT的热稳定性、阻燃性能及抗熔滴性进行测试,并采用电镜及能谱仪对试样的燃烧产物进行微观形貌分析及元素组成和含量测定。结果表明:当阻燃聚酯/OMMT复合材料中OMMT质量分数为9%时,该复合材料的起始分解温度为417.07℃,相较阻燃聚酯提高74.83℃,残炭率达到最大为24.41%,热稳定性能提升;随OMMT质量分数的增加,该复合材料的阻燃性能与抗熔滴性增强,当OMMT质量分数为9%时,其LOI为34.4%,垂直燃烧级别为V-0,熔滴数为5.25滴,相比阻燃聚酯减少了52.3%,燃烧产物表面存在致密稳定耐热的炭层结构。该研究结果可为阻燃聚酯的抗熔滴改性提供参考。In order to reduce the secondary fire caused by the formation of droplets in the process of high-temperature combustion of flame retardant polyester and improve the droplet resistance of flame retardant polyester,organic montmorillonite(OMMT)was selected to be melted and blended with flame retardant polyester to prepare flame retardant polyester/OMMT composite material.The thermal stability,flame retardant properties and droplet resistance of flame retardant polyester/OMMT were tested by thermogravimetric analysis(TGA),critical oxygen index and vertical combustion test method,and the combustion products of the sample were analyzed by electron microscopy and energy spectrometer for microscopic morphology analysis and elemental composition content determination.The results show that when the OMMT mass fraction in the flame retardant polyester/OMMT composite is 9%,the initial decomposition temperature of the composite is 417.07℃,which is 74.83℃higher than that of flame retardant polyester,and the residual carbon rate reaches a maximum of 24.41%,the thermal stability performance is improved.With the increase of OMMT mass fraction,the flame retardant performance and droplet resistance of the composite material are enhanced.When the OMMT mass fraction is 9%,its LOI is 34.4%,the vertical combustion level is V-0,the drop number of droplets is 5.25,which is reduced by 52.3%compared with flame retardant polyester.Besides,there is a dense and stable heat-resistant carbon layer structure on the surface of the combustion product.The results of this study can provide a reference for the droplet modification of flame retardant polyester.

关 键 词：OMMT 聚酯 热稳定性 阻燃性能 抗熔滴 

分 类 号：TB34[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]