不同环境因素对虾肝肠胞虫感染脊尾白虾的影响研究  

Effects of Different Environmental Factors on Infection of Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei in Ridgetail White Prawn Exopalaemon carinicauda

作　　者：段健诚 胡吉卉 穆金鑫 邓高威 高威 牟华 张庆起 高焕 DUAN Jiancheng;HU Jihui;MU Jinxin;DENG Gaowei;GAO Wei;MU Hua;ZHANG Qingqi;GAO Huan(Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology,School of Marine Science and Fisheries,Jiangsu Ocean University,Lianyungang 222005,China;Jiangsu Marine Biological Industry Technology Collaborative Innovation Center,Lianyungang,222005,China;The Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm,Nanjing 210014,China;Lianyungang Ganyu Jiaxin Aquatic Products Development Co.,Ltd.,Lianyungang 222100,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏海洋大学海洋科学与水产学院,江苏省海洋生物技术重点实验室,江苏连云港222005 [2]江苏省海洋生物产业技术协同创新中心,江苏连云港222005 [3]江苏省农业种质资源保护与利用平台,江苏南京210014 [4]连云港赣榆佳信水产开发有限公司,江苏连云港222100

出　　处：《水产科学》2023年第2期296-302,共7页Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0901302);江苏省优势学科建设工程项目。

摘　　要：虾肝肠胞虫的传播与宿主体质和水环境有一定的关联性。温度、盐度、氨氮含量等环境因子是养殖过程中极为重要的影响因素。研究表明,过高或过低的温度、盐度对脊尾白虾的特定生长率和非特异性免疫会有较大的影响。本试验以脊尾白虾为对象,设计温度(22、24、26℃)、盐度(20、24、28)和氨氮质量浓度(2、4、6 mg/L)3因素3水平正交试验,通过为期10 d的人工感染试验,利用实时荧光定量PCR法检测不同环境因素下的虾肝肠胞虫载量,探讨温度、盐度、氨氮质量浓度3种环境因子交互作用下对虾肝肠胞虫传播的影响。试验结果表明,各试验条件下脊尾白虾体内虾肝肠胞虫载量均显著上升(P<0.05),环境因素对虾肝肠胞虫在脊尾白虾体内传播影响由大到小依次为温度、氨氮质量浓度、盐度。最适传播条件为温度24℃、氨氮质量浓度2 mg/L和盐度28,不适条件为温度26℃、氨氮4 mg/L和盐度20。笔者探明了虾肝肠胞虫传播环境条件,试验结果可为海水养殖中虾肝肠胞虫病害的防控提供数据参考。The spread of Enterocytozoon hepatopenaei(EHP)is related to the host physique and water environment.Environmental factors such as temperature,salinity,and ammonia nitrogen concentration are extremely important influencing factors in the breeding process.It is shown that too high or too low temperature and salinity have a greater impact on the specific growth rate and non-specific immunity of ridgetail prawn Exopalaemon carinicauda.In this study,the EHP capacity in ridgetail prawn was used as an indicator to determine the transmission rate of EHP.The interaction of temperature,salinity and ammonia nitrogen on the transmission of EHP were discussed.In this experiment,three factors and three levels of orthogonal culture experiment were designed,including temperature(22℃,24℃,26℃),salinity(20,24,28)and ammonia nitrogen concentration(2 mg/L,4 mg/L,6 mg/L).Through a ten-day artificial infection experiment,real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect EHP load under different environmental factors.The results showed that under the experimental conditions,the EHP capacity increased significantly(P<0.05).The influence of environmental factors on EHP transmission in the shrimp was temperature,ammonia nitrogen and salinity.The optimum propagation conditions were temperature 24℃,ammonia nitrogen 2 mg/L and salinity 28,and the unsuitable conditions were temperature 26℃,ammonia nitrogen 4 mg/L and salinity 20.The findings ascertained the environmental conditions for the transmission of intestinal worms in shrimp,and provided data reference for the prevention and control of intestinal cysts in shrimp in marine aquaculture.

关 键 词：环境因素 虾肝肠胞虫 脊尾白虾 载量 传播条件 

分 类 号：S945.4[农业科学—水产养殖]