船用聚合物基降噪阻尼材料研究进展  

Research progress of marine polymer noise reduction and damping materials

作　　者：崔向红[1] 王瑞琨 刘晓东[1] 陈明月[1] 李天智[1] CUI Xianghong;WANG Ruikun;LIU Xiaodong;CHEN Mingyue;LI Tianzhi(Institute for Advanced Technology of HAS,Harbin 150020,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省科学院高技术研究院,黑龙江哈尔滨150020

出　　处：《应用科技》2022年第6期129-135,共7页Applied Science and Technology

基　　金：黑龙江省科学院科学研究基金项目(GH2021-04)。

摘　　要：随着科学技术的高速发展和各国海事部门对船舶营运提出了更高噪音级别标准,解决噪音污染问题已成为目前国内外的研究热点。聚合物基降噪阻尼材料最早应用于潜艇隐身技术,是一类具有隔声和吸声效果的高分子材料。本文首先总结了聚合物基阻尼材料的降噪机理及敷设方式。其次论述了聚氨酯泡沫材料、聚酰亚胺泡沫材料的改性方法和填料选择。通过对材料微观结构进行系统性分析,可以得到例如泡孔尺寸和开孔率等变化规律;通过适当的填料选择,可以在提高原有材料机械性能的同时,提高吸声系数扩大应用范围。最后对降噪材料未来的发展趋势进行了展望。With the rapid development of science and technology and maritime departments of various countries putting forward higher noise classification standard for ship operation, solving noise pollution has become a research hotspot at home and abroad. The polymer-based noise reduction and damping materials were first applied in submarine stealth technology. They are a kind of polymer materials with sound insulation and absorption effects. This paper first summarizes the noise reduction mechanism and laying mode of polymer based damping materials, then discusses the modification methods and filler selection of polyurethane foam materials and polyimide foam materials. The variation rules such as the size of bubble hole and the opening rate are obtained through systematic analysis of the material microstructure. Through appropriate choice of filler, the mechanical properties of original materials can be improved,and at the same time, the sound absorption coefficient is increased, expanding the scope of application. Finally, the development trend of noise reduction materials in the future is prospected.

关 键 词：船舶 聚合物 阻尼 降噪材料 吸声 聚氨酯泡沫 聚酰亚胺泡沫 空心微珠 

分 类 号：U668.4[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]