基于GYT双标图分析对黄淮海夏玉米区域试验品种综合评价  

Comprehensive evaluation of maize hybrids tested in Huang-Huai-Hai summer maize regional trial based on GYT biplot analysis

作　　者：岳海旺[1] 韩轩[2] 魏建伟[1] 郑书宏[1] 谢俊良[1] 陈淑萍[1] 彭海成[1] 卜俊周[1] YUE Hai-Wang;HAN Xuan;WEI Jian-Wei;ZHENG Shu-Hong;XIE Jun-Liang;CHEN Shu-Ping;PENG Hai-Cheng;and BU Jun-Zhou(Dryland Farming Institute,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences/Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Crops Drought Resistance Research,Hengshui 053000,Hebei,China;Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050031,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所/河北省农作物抗旱研究重点实验室,河北衡水053333 [2]河北省农林科学院,河北石家庄050031

出　　处：《作物学报》2023年第5期1231-1248,共18页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：河北省重点研发计划项目(20326305D);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(玉米,CARS-02);河北省科技支撑计划(16226323D-X);河北省农林科学院科技创新专项课题;河北省“三三三人才工程”人才培养项目(A202101056);河北省农业科技成果转化资金项目(21626310D)资助。

摘　　要：旨在科学准确地对黄淮海夏播玉米区域试验参试品种进行综合评价,为品种合理布局和区域规划提供理论和实践依据。本研究采用GYT双标图技术对2020—2021年黄淮海夏玉米区域试验22个参试品种的籽粒产量与生育期、收获时籽粒含水量、株高、穗位高、倒伏率、穗长、穗粗、秃尖,穗粒重和百粒重等农艺性状的组合水平进行综合评价。方差分析表明,被测农艺性状基因型和环境效应均达到了显著水平(P<0.05),除穗粗、突尖长度和穗粒重等性状基因型与环境互作效应中无显著差异外,其余性状基因型与环境互作效应均达到了显著水平。籽粒产量、生育期、收获时籽粒含水量、穗粗、秃尖和百粒重等性状环境效应平方和占总方差平方和最大,倒伏率的基因型与环境互作效应平方和占总方差平方和最大。农艺性状相关性分析结果表明,籽粒产量与百粒重、株高、穗位高、穗长、穗粗和生育期呈极显著正相关(P<0.001),而与突尖长度呈负相关。根据参试品种的理想指数筛选出衡玉868、邯玉1806和宿单908等为产量-性状组合表现优良的品种,同时也鉴别出陕单685、敦玉291、邯玉17-6601和邯玉573等品种综合表现较差,对照品种郑单958表现一般。衡玉868较其他参试品种在黄淮海夏玉米区更具有广泛的适应性,展现出绝对的区域产量优势,具有广阔的推广前景。与GT双标图相比,GYT双标图显示出前2个主成分解释的变异比例较高、拟合度较好、分析结果可信度较高等优点。本研究运用GYT双标图技术对黄淮海夏玉米参试品种进行品种产量-性状特性分析,为本区玉米品种综合评价提供借鉴,也为其他作物品种多性状研究提供了参考。The objective of this study is to scientifically and accurately conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the tested hybrids participating in the Huang-Huai-Hai summer maize regional trials,and provide theoretical and practical basis for the rational distribution of hybrids and regional planning.GYT biplot analysis was applied to the data of 22 hybrids during 2020-2021 in the Huang-Huai-Hai summer maize regional trials to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the tested hybrids based on grain yield,growth period,grain moisture content at harvest,plant height,ear height,lodging rate,ear length,ear diameter,barren tip length,grain weight per ear,and hundred grain weight.The analysis of variance results showed that the genotype and environment main effects of the evaluated agronomic traits reached significant level at P<0.05.Genotype and environment interaction effect of other traits had significant level,except for ear diameter,bald tip length,and grain weight per ear,which had no significant difference.The square sum of environmental effect on grain yield,growth period,grain moisture content,ear diameter,bare tip length,100-seed weight,and the square sum of genotype and environment interaction effect on lodging rate were worth the largest in the square sum of total variance.The results of the correlation analysis showed that grain yield was significantly at P<0.001and positively correlated with 100-seed weight,plant height,ear height,ear length,ear diameter,and growth period,but negatively correlated with bald tip length.According to the GYT superiority index,Hengyu 868,Handyu 1806,and Sudan 908 had the best yield-trait combinations.The comprehensive performances of hybrids Shandan 686,Dunyu 291,Hanyu 17-6601,and Hanyu 573 were poor,and the performance of the control hybrid Zhengdan 958 was intermediate.Compared with other tested hybrids,Hengyu 868 had the widest adaptability in the Huang-Huai-Hai summer maize area,indicating outstanding regional yield advantages,and great potential for maize production in the region.

关 键 词：GT双标图 GYT双标图 理想指数 夏玉米 产量-性状组合 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]