2012—2020年雅安市生活性农药中毒流行病学特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of domestic pesticide poisoning in Yaan City from 2012 to 2020

作　　者：李美 冯德全[2] 刘念 LI Mei;FENG De-quan;LIU Nian(Yaan Polytechnic College,Yaan 625000,Sichuan Province,China;Yan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yaan 625000,Sichuan Province,China;Yaan People's Hospital,Yaan 625000,Sichuan Province,China.)

机构地区：[1]雅安职业技术学院,四川雅安625000 [2]雅安市疾病预防控制中心,四川雅安625000 [3]雅安市人民医院,四川雅安625000

出　　处：《职业卫生与病伤》2023年第1期12-17,共6页Occupational Health and Damage

摘　　要：目的 分析雅安市生活性农药中毒流行病学特征,并针对存在的问题提出预防控制措施。方法 从中国疾病预防控制信息系统的职业病与职业卫生信息监测系统获取雅安市2012—2020年的生活性农药中毒病例信息,结合雅安市统计局发布统计年鉴中常住人口数,使用SPSS 20.0软件进行统计分析,采用描述性流行病学方法和卡方检验进行发病特征分析,检验水准α=0.05。结果 2012—2020年雅安市报告生活性农药中毒3 654例,年平均发病率为26.59/10万,病死率为3.59%。自服农药中毒者病死率显著高于误服中毒者(χ^(2)=17.218,P<0.001)。农药中毒发生无明显季节性;病例构成和发病率均以汉源县最多,而病死率以宝兴县、汉源县和石棉县较高;中毒病例男女性别比为1∶1.19,不同性别误服农药中毒病例死亡率差异无统计学意义,而男性自服农药中毒病例病死率显著高于女性(χ^(2)=8.375,P=0.004),各年龄组均有生活性农药中毒病例发生,中毒者以青壮年居多,其中0~9岁组中毒类型主要为误服,10岁以上年龄组主要为自服,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=637.369,P<0.001)。生活性农药中毒的农药种类主要为杀虫剂(43.98%,1 607/3 654),其次为除草剂(35.28%,1 289/3 654),病死率最高者为有机磷杀虫剂(8.02%,63/786),其次为百草枯(6.62%,36/544)。结论 雅安市生活性农药中毒历年均有发生,除0~9岁主要为误服中毒外,其余均以自服为主。自服农药中毒者病死率高于误服者,而生活性自服农药中毒病例中,男性病死率更高。建议分年龄段、性别、地区采取有针对性的防治措施以减少生活性农药中毒的发生。Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of domestic pesticide poisoning in Yaan City,and to put forward prevention and control measures for the existing problems.Methods The information of domestic pesticide poisoning cases in Yaan City from 2012 to 2020 was obtained from the Occupational Disease and Occupational Health Information Monitoring System of China Disease Control and Prevention Information System.The incidence characteristics were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods and chi-square test using SPSS 20.0 software combined with the resident population in the statistical yearbook published by Yaan Bureau of Statistics.And the test level was α=0.05.Results From 2012 to 2020,3 654 cases of domestic pesticide poisoning were reported in Yaan City,with an average annual incidence of 26.59/10~5and a case fatality rate of 3.59%.The case fatality rate of those who self-administered pesticide was significantly higher than that of accidentally administered pesticide(χ^(2)=17.218,P<0.001).There was no obvious seasonality of pesticide poisoning.Hanyuan County had the highest case composition and incidence,and the case fatality rate was higher in Baoxing County,Hanyuan County,and Shimian County.The ratio of male to female was 1∶1.19.There was no significant difference in the case mortality rate of accidental pesticide poisoning between different genders.The case fatality rate of self-administered pesticide poisoning cases in males was significantly higher than that in females(χ^(2)=8.375,P=0.004).Cases of domestic pesticide poisoning occurred in all age groups,and most of the victims were young adults.The main type of poisoning was accidental ingestion in 0-9 years old group and selfingestion in over 10 years old group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=637.369,P<0.001).The main pesticide types of domestic pesticide poisoning were insecticides (43.98%,1 607/3654),followed by herbicides (35.28%,1 289/3 654).Organophosphorus insecticides (8.02%,63/786) caused the high

关 键 词：生活性农药中毒 误服农药中毒 自服农药中毒 流行病学特征 

分 类 号：R595.4[医药卫生—内科学]