低碱度生态型人工鱼礁材料的实验研究  

Experimental Study on Low Alkalinity Ecotype Artificial Reef Materials

作　　者：苏岳威 赵景刚[2] 张佳康 孙绍康 王俊祥[1] 吕宪俊[1] Su Yuewei;Zhao Jinggang;Zhang Jiakang;Sun Shaokang;Wang Junxiang;Lv Xianjun(College of Chemical and Biological Engineering,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao,Shandong,China;Shandong Hexi Gold Group Co.,Ltd.,Zhaoyuan,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学化学与生物工程学院,山东青岛266590 [2]山东河西黄金集团有限公司,山东招远265400

出　　处：《矿产综合利用》2023年第1期197-203,共7页Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51674161);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2019BEE075)。

摘　　要：利用矿渣-CaO-脱硫石膏为胶凝材料、海砂为骨料,制备出了较高强度的新型人工鱼礁。借助力学性能测试、X射线衍射、热重分析和扫描电镜考查了脱硫石膏对新型人工鱼礁材料的抗压强度和水化产物的影响。结果表明:适量脱硫石膏的掺加能够显著提高CaO激发矿渣胶凝材料的胶结强度,促进钙矾石(AFt)在水化过程的优先生成,较佳石膏掺量条件下3 d强度可提高51.4%,7 d强度提高35.7%,28 d强度提高25.2%;重金属离子溶出检测结果表明,浸泡试样的海水水质符合国家一类海水水质标准;表面浸出液pH值检测显示,人工鱼礁材料试块海水浸泡初期,表层有少量OH-溶出,使浸泡液pH值由新鲜海水的8.0升至8.5,但60 d后恢复到正常值;此外,海域实地挂板实验表明,制作出的鱼礁海水相容性良好,有大量水生生物附着。低碱度生态型人工鱼礁能够满足鱼礁的基本性能要求,具有广阔的应用前景,为矿渣及海砂的资源化综合利用提供了一条新的途径。A new type of artificial reef with high strength was prepared by using slag-CaO-FGD gypsum as cementitious material and sea sand as aggregate. The effects of FGD gypsum on the compressive strength and hydration products of the new artificial reef materials were investigated by means of mechanical properties test, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis and SEM. The results show that the addition of appropriate amount of desulfurized gypsum can significantly improve the cementitious strength of CaO activated slag cementitious materials, and promote the preferential formation of ettringite(AFt) in the hydration process. Under the optimal gypsum content, the 3 d strength can be increased by 51.4%, the 7 d strength by 35.7%, and the 28 d strength by 25.2%. The dissolution test results of heavy metal ions show that the seawater quality of the immersed samples conforms to the national first class sea water quality standard;pH detection of surface leaching solution showed that a small amount of OH-dissolved in the surface of the artificial reef material test block at the initial stage of seawater immersion, so that the pH value of immersion solution increased from 8.0 of fresh seawater to 8.5, but returned to the normal value after 60 days;in addition, the real sea area hanging board experiment showed that the reef had good marine compatibility and a large number of aquatic organisms attached. Low-alkalinity ecological artificial fish reefs can meet the basic performance requirements of fish reefs, have broad application prospects, and provide a new way for the comprehensive utilization of slag and sea sand.

关 键 词：矿渣 海砂 人工鱼礁 海水相容性 

分 类 号：TD985[矿业工程—选矿] X75[环境科学与工程—环境工程]