疫情防控常态化下的三甲医院医务工作者职业倦怠及心理健康问题研究  

Study on burnout and mental health of medical workers in tertiary hospitals under the normalization of epidemic prevention and control

作　　者：孙彦琪[1] 赵阳 潘晓枫[3] 李翔 SUN Yanqi;ZHAO Yang;PAN Xiaofeng;LI Xiang(Department of Public Health,Rizhao People′s Hospital Rizhao,Shandong 276827,China;Department of Medical Services,Rizhao People′s Hospital Rizhao,Shandong 276827,China;Department of Personnel,Rizhao People′s Hospital Rizhao,Shandong 276827,China)

机构地区：[1]日照市人民医院公共卫生科,山东日照276827 [2]日照市人民医院医务科,山东日照276827 [3]日照市人民医院人事科,山东日照276827

出　　处：《现代医药卫生》2023年第5期818-822,828,共6页Journal of Modern Medicine & Health

摘　　要：目的通过量表的方式评估山东省日照市唯一定点收治新型冠状病毒感染的三甲医院内医务工作者的职业倦怠、焦虑和抑郁情绪及感知压力,并预测心理健康问题对职业倦怠的影响。方法采用自编基本资料信息问卷、马氏职业倦怠量表-服务行业版(MBI-HSS)、压力知觉量表、广泛焦虑量表,9项患者健康问卷对1040名从事疫情防控相关工作的医务工作者进行评价,使用SPSS24.0统计软件对结果进行分析。结果565名医务工作者具有职业倦怠的特征,占比54.33%。焦虑情绪检出率为46.63%(485人),抑郁情绪检出率为43.46%(452人)。压力知觉量表(PSS-4)平均分为(5.81±2.95)分。有职业倦怠组的广泛性焦虑量表(GAD-7)、9项患者健康问卷(PHQ-9)、PSS-4得分均高于无职业倦怠组,MBI-HSS总分及3个维度的分值与各个量表呈正相关(P<0.01),与其他相关因素如体育锻炼、工作年限、年龄呈负相关(P<0.01)。Logistic回归模型结果提示,排班方式(OR=1.695,95%CI 1.310~2.193)、体育锻炼(OR=2.004,95%CI 1.545~2.599)、GAD-7(OR=1.131,95%CI 1.062~1.204)、PHQ-9(OR=1.169,95%CI 1.100~1.243)、PSS-4(OR=1.357,95%CI 1.264~1.458)得分进入回归模型。结论倒班、不锻炼及焦虑、抑郁情绪和感知压力是职业倦怠发生的危险因素,可以通过改善医务工作者上述情况以干预职业倦怠的发生。Objective Assessment of burnout,anxiety,depression and perceived stress by means of a scale and prediction of the impact of mental health problems on burnout among medical workers in the only tertiary hospital designated for the treatment of novel coronary pneumonia in Rizhao,Shandong Province Methods A self-administered basic information questionnaire,the Mars Burnout Scale-service industry version(MBI-HSS),the Stress Perception Scale,the Generalized Anxiety Inventory,and nine patient health questionnaires were used to assess 1040 health workers working in epidemic prevention and control-related jobs,and the results were analyzed by using SPSS 24.0 software.Results Burnout was characterized in 565 medical workers(54.33%).Anxiety emotion detection rate 46.63%(485),depression emotion detection rate 43.46%(452).The mean score of PSS-4 scale was 5.81±2.95.The scores of GAD-7,PHQ-9 and PSS-4 in the group with burnout were higher than those in the group without burnout,and the results of correlation analysis showed that the total score of MBI-HSS and the scores of three dimensions were positively correlated with each scale(P<0.01),and negatively correlated with other related factors such as physical exercise,years of work,and age(P<0.01).the results of the logistic regression model suggested that scheduling patterns(OR=1.695,95%CI 1.310-2.193),physical exercise(OR=2.004,95%CI 1.545-2.599),GAD-7(OR=1.131,95%CI 1.062-1.204),PHQ-9(OR=1.169,95%CI 1.100-1.243),and PSS-4(OR=1.357,95%CI 1.264-1.458)scores into the regression model.Conclusion Shift work,physical inactivity,and anxiety,depression,and perceived stress are risk factors for the development of burnout,and these aspects of health care workers can be improved to intervene in the development of burnout.

关 键 词：新型冠状病毒 医务人员 职业倦怠 焦虑 抑郁 压力 

分 类 号：R192[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R195.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]