2:17型钐钴永磁材料方形度和矫顽力研究现况  

Research Progress on the Squareness and Coercivity of 2:17-type Sm-Co Permanent Magnets

作　　者：董创辉 刘雷 袁建辉[2] 王凤青 周波 王朝中 孙颖莉 丁勇 闫阿儒 DONG Chuang-hui;LIU Lei;YUAN Jian-hui;WANG Feng-qing;ZHOU Bo;WANG Chao-zhong;SUN Ying-li;DING Yong;YAN A-ru(CISRI&NIMTE Joint Innovation Center for Rare Earth Permanent Magnets,Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Ningbo 315201,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 201620,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所稀土永磁材料联合创新中心,宁波315201 [2]上海工程技术大学材料科学与工程学院,上海201620 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《稀土》2022年第6期96-109,共14页Chinese Rare Earths

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助(2021YFB3803003);浙江省科技计划项目(2021C01172);宁波市“科技创新2025”重大专项(2020Z044)。

摘　　要：2∶17型钐钴永磁材料在航空航天、仪器仪表、混合动力汽车等领域具有重要应用。随着磁性器件的小型化,迫切需求更高磁能积的钐钴永磁材料,如何提升磁体退磁曲线方形度和矫顽力成为目前的研究热点之一。本文着重讨论了Sm、Fe、Cu、Zr元素含量及热处理工艺对磁体胞状组织结构的影响规律,以及对退磁曲线方形度和矫顽力的作用机制。进而从晶界过渡区域和晶粒内部的胞状组织结构优化出发,简述了中间热处理、双合金、铸锭均匀化热处理、预时效、多级时效、微波时效和压力时效等方形度和矫顽力优化技术的研究新进展。最后,对高磁能积磁体制备所面临的主要问题进行了展望。2∶17-type Sm-Co permanent magnetic materials are widely applied in many fields such as aerospace,instruments and hybrid vehicles.Motivated by the demands of miniaturized magnetic devices,the much higher energy product Sm-Co permanent magnetic materials are required.The improvement of squareness and coercivity of magnets have drawn many attentions.In this paper,the influences of Sm,Fe,Cu and Zr content and heat treatment processes on cellular structure of magnets,as well as their effect mechanism to the squareness of the demagnetization curve and coercivity are mainly discussed.As the cellular structure plays a critical role in the magnetic properties,new approaches optimizing the cellular structure in the grain boundary regions and the grain interiors are summarized,including intermediate heat treatment,dual-alloy technology,ingot homogenization heat treatment,pre-aging,multi-stage aging,microwave aging and pressure aging treatment.Based on the above,the fundamental obstacles to develop higher energy product magnets are prospected.

关 键 词：钐钴永磁材料 方形度 矫顽力 胞状组织 

分 类 号：TM273[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]