营商环境与流动人口就业关系研究——基于35个重点城市数据的实证分析  

Research on the Relationship between Business Environment and Employment of Floating Population——An Empirical Analysis Based on the Data of 35 Key Cities

作　　者：韩靓[1] Han Liang

机构地区：[1]中共深圳市委党校

出　　处：《价格理论与实践》2022年第9期102-105,205,共5页Price:Theory & Practice

基　　金：广东省哲学社会科学规划项目“马克思主义政治经济学视角下新时代民营企业发展研究”(批准号GD19CLJ05);深圳市建设中国特色社会主义先行示范区研究中心资助项目:后疫情时代深圳发展新动能研究。

摘　　要：研究营商环境与劳动力就业关系,有助于促进更充分、更高质量就业,以推动经济社会稳定增长。本文运用我国35个重点城市流动人口调查和城市营商环境评价数据,实证检验营商环境对流动人口就业的影响。研究发现:(1)改善营商环境有助于降低流动人口就业难度感知,城市良好的营商环境通常具有更好的就业环境和就业服务,市场活力更强,有利于流动人口的就业选择;(2)改善营商环境各维度均显著降低了流动人口就业难度感知。其中,商务成本对流动人口就业感知的影响最大,其次是市场环境、社会服务和软环境,生态环境和基础设施的影响较小;(3)异质性考察发现,一线城市良好的营商环境显著降低流动人口就业难度感知,并且城市市场环境、社会服务、生态环境以及软环境均发挥重要作用。据此,建议继续打造市场化、法治化、国际化营商环境,以提升城市就业服务能力为突破口,促进流动人口更充分更高质量的就业。This paper study the relationship between business environment and labor employment, which will promote more full and high-quality employment and economic growth. Based on the matching data between floating population survey and business environment in 35 cities of China, this paper empirically tests the impact of business environment on the employment of floating population. The results show that the business environment significantly reduces the perception of the employment difficulty of the floating population. A good business environment in cities usually has a better employment environment and employment services, and the market vitality is stronger, which is conducive to the employment choice of the floating population. All dimensions of business environment have significantly reduced the perception of employment difficulty of floating population. Among them, business cost has the greatest impact on the perception of employment of floating population, followed by market environment, social services and soft environment, ecological environment and infrastructure has the least impact. The higher business cost and infrastructure level in first tier cities did not significantly reduce the perception of employment difficulty of floating population, which is different from the empirical results of all cities. Accordingly, it suggested that we should continue to create a market-oriented, legalized and internationalized business environment to enhance the ability of urban employment services as a breakthrough to promote more full and higher quality employment of the floating population.

关 键 词：城市营商环境 流动人口就业 高质量就业 

分 类 号：F249.27[经济管理—劳动经济] D630[经济管理—国民经济] F279.27[政治法律—政治学]