荧光假单胞菌缓解植烟土壤酸化效果及对烟草青枯病的防治作用  

Effects of Pseudomonas fluorescens on alleviating soil acidification and controlling tobacco bacterial wilt

作　　者：施河丽 谭军 谭绍安 彭五星 尹忠春 祁高富[2] 向必坤 SHI Heli;TAN Jun;TAN Shaoan;PENG Wuxing;YIN Zhongchun;QI Gaofu;XIANG Bikun(Enshi Branch of Hubei Provincial Tobacco Company,Enshi 445000,Hubei,China;Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省烟草公司恩施州公司,湖北省恩施市445000 [2]华中农业大学,武汉市430070

出　　处：《烟草科技》2023年第2期19-25,共7页Tobacco Science & Technology

基　　金：中国烟草总公司湖北省公司科技项目“酸化植烟土壤的微生物调控技术研究与开发”(027Y2019-011)。

摘　　要：为挖掘具有缓解土壤酸化能力的微生物菌株,开发新型酸性土壤改良剂,通过原位培养从恩施烟区酸化植烟土壤中筛选获得一株荧光假单胞菌SSW-11(Pseudomonas fluorescens SSW-11),并采用盆栽试验和大田试验评价菌株发酵液灌根对酸化植烟土壤的改良效果以及对烟草青枯病的防效。结果表明:①菌株SSW-11发酵液对复合有机酸和复合肥料造成的土壤酸化有一定的缓解作用,土壤pH平均提高0.18;②菌株SSW-11发酵液灌根处理后42 d内,旺长期烟株根区酸化土壤pH显著提高(平均提高0.47);③菌株SSW-11发酵液可显著降低成熟期烟草青枯病的发病率和病情指数,对烟草青枯病的防效达52.01%。荧光假单胞菌SSW-11对缓解植烟土壤酸化和防治烟草青枯病具有较好的效果。In order to explore suitable microbial strains for alleviating soil acidification and develop new acid soil conditioners,a Pseudomonas fluorescens strain SSW-11 was evaluated from acidified tobacco-planting soil in Enshi County by in situ cultivation.Pot and field experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of root irrigation with the fermentation broth of the strain on acidified tobaccoplanting soil.The results showed that:1)SSW-11 alleviated the soil acidification caused by composite organic acids and composite fertilizers,accompanying with an increase of soil pH by 0.18 on average.2)Within 42 days after the root irrigation treatment,SSW-11 significantly increased soil pH by 0.47 on average during the fast growing stage.3)SSW-11 significantly reduced the incidence and disease index of tobacco bacterial wilt at the mature stage,and its control efficacy on tobacco bacterial wilt reached52.01%.Pseudomonas fluorescens SSW-11 showed satisfactory effects on alleviating soil acidification and controlling tobacco bacterial wilt.

关 键 词：植烟土壤酸化 荧光假单胞菌 烟草青枯病 烟叶产质量 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]