疫情防控期间上海市城郊空气污染特征比较  

Comparison of Air Pollution Characteristics Between Urban and Suburban Areas of Shanghai During Epidemic Prevention and Control

作　　者：朱爽 段玉森[3] 修光利[1,2] ZHU Shuang;DUAN Yusen;XIU Guangli(State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Environmental Risk Assessment and Control of Chemical Process,School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China;Shanghai Environment Protection Key Laboratory on Environmental Standard and Risk Management of Chemical Pollutants,School of Resources and Environmental Engineering,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China;Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Center,Shanghai 200233,China)

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学资源与环境工程学院,国家环境保护化工过程环境风险评价与控制重点实验室,上海200237 [2]华东理工大学资源与环境工程学院,上海市环境保护化学污染物环境标准与风险管理重点实验室,上海200237 [3]上海市环境监测中心,上海200233

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2022年第12期145-153,共9页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：上海市科技创新行动计划支持项目(19DZ1205001);上海市科技创新行动计划支持项目(20DZ1204006);上海市生态环境局项目支持([2021]-46)。

摘　　要：为比较COVID-19疫情防控期间上海市城郊地区环境空气污染特征,文章对闵行区与奉贤区2个观测点的主要空气污染物进行了研究。基于2019-2021年疫情防控同期,分析4种主要污染物以及气象条件的变化特征,分析结果显示,NO_(2)受防控措施影响最显著,城郊差异最小。O_(3)平均浓度比防控前分别上升65%(城区)、21.26%(郊区),城郊差异最明显。2020年防控期相较2019、2021年同期NO_(x)、PM_(2.5)、O_(3)显著下降。气象条件分析结果表明,城区相较于郊区有更多的静稳天气,从而不利于污染物扩散。Spearman相关性分析结果显示,O_(3)在城区与郊区都属于VOCs控制区,且在城区关系更加显著。采用潜在源贡献因子分析法和浓度权重轨迹分析法对比分析O_(3)污染区域输送的差异,上海城区O_(3)污染受上海本地生成贡献、杭州湾地区的气团中距离输送以及浙江沿海城市气团长距离输送综合作用。疫情防控措施导致上海市城郊两地污染物不同程度的减排,有效改善了上海市短期空气质量。In order to compare the characteristics of ambient air pollution in urban and suburban areas of Shanghai during the prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic,the main air pollutants in Minhang and Fengxian District were studied.Based on the same period of epidemic prevention and control in 2019 and 2021,the variation characteristics of four major pollutants and meteorological conditions were evaluated.The results showed that NO_(2)was most significantly affected by the prevention and control measures and the difference between urban and suburban areas was the least.The average concentration of O_(3)increased by 65%(urban)and 21.26%(suburban)respectively,with the most obvious difference between urban and suburban areas.In contrast to 2019 and 2021,NO_(x),PM_(2.5),O_(3)were decreased significantly in same time of 2020.The results of meteorological condition analysis showed that urban areas had more static weather than suburban areas during the prevention and control period,which was not conducive to the diffusion of pollutants.Spearman correlation analysis showed that O_(3)belongs to VOCs control area in both urban and suburban areas,and the relationship was more obvious in urban areas.Potential source contribution factor analysis and concentration weight trajectory analysis were both utilized to compare and illustrate the differences in regional transport to O_(3)pollution.O_(3)pollution in Shanghai urban area was affected by the contribution of local generation,the med-distance transport of air mass in Hangzhou Bay and the long-distance transport of air mass in coastal cities of Zhejiang Province.The epidemic prevention and control measures led to different degrees of emission reduction of pollutants in urban and suburban areas of Shanghai,which effectively improved the short-term air quality of Shanghai.

关 键 词：新冠肺炎防控 城郊特征 污染源分析 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]