山东沿海不同地理群体中国蛤蜊形态差异分析  

Morphological variation analysis of different geographical populations of Mactra chinensis

作　　者：荆圆圆 胡凡光 刘广斌 吴海一 孙铭 陈群 张天文 JING Yuanyuan;HU Fanguang;LIU Guangbin;WU Haiyi;SUN Ming;CHEN Qun;ZHANG Tianwen(Marine Science Institute of Shandong Prorince,Qingdao Shandong 266104,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省海洋科学研究院,山东青岛266104

出　　处：《海洋渔业》2023年第1期95-104,共10页Marine Fisheries

基　　金：山东省农业良种工程项目(2019LZGC020);山东省贝类产业技术体系(SDAIT-14);中国工程科技发展战略山东研究院咨询研究项目(202003SDYB04)。

摘　　要：为研究山东沿海不同地理群体中国蛤蜊(Mactra chinensis)形态差异和地理分化特点,运用多变量形态度量学方法,通过方差分析、主成分分析、聚类分析和判别分析对日照东港(DG)、烟台海阳(HY)、青岛黄岛(HD)、威海文登(WD)和东营垦利(KL)5个中国蛤蜊野生群体形态数据进行比较分析。生长指标指数显示,文登群体贝壳最厚,黄岛群体贝壳最薄、肥满度最低,海阳群体软体部最肥;5个群体间最大差异系数为0.515~1.245,均小于1.28,尚未达到亚种水平;主成分分析共提取3个主成分,主成分1贡献率为33.71%,主成分2贡献率为27.16%,主成分3贡献率为14.42%,累计贡献率达75.29%;聚类分析结果表明,5个中国蛤蜊群体聚为2类,海阳群体、文登群体和垦利群体聚为一类,东港群体和黄岛群体分别聚为一类;通过判别分析,共建立了4个判别函数,判别准确率为70.0%~94.0%,综合判别率为80.0%。研究结果可为中国蛤蜊的地理群体识别、种质资源保护与利用提供重要依据。From the perspective of breeding,the genetic background of parent shellfish without artificial system breeding or improvement is not clear,and there is a risk of inbreeding,which reduces the genetic diversity of the population and leads to the degradation of economic traits.Morphological traits and body mass traits are important basis for evaluating the genetic information of shellfish,however,there has been no report on the morphological differences of different geographical populations of Mactra chinensis.Therefore,it is necessary to conduct a comprehensive and systematic investigation and analysis of the current situation of Mactra chinensis population resources through morphological difference analysis,which can provide an important basis for the identification of geographical populations and protection and utilization of genetic resources of Mactra chinensis.The multivariate analysis method is suitable for the analysis of morphological differences of aquatic animal groups.The results can objectively reflect Morphological differences and have been widely used in shellfish.The multivariate morphometrics methods were used to explore the morpholobical variation of different geographical populations of Mactra chinensis along the coastal areas of Shandong Province.Researchers collected wild Mactra chinensis populations in Donggang(DG)in Rizhao,Haiyang(HY)in Yantai,Huangdao(HD)in Qingdao,Wendeng(WD)in Weihai and Kenli(KL)in Dongying sea areas,respectively.Five Mactra chinensis populations were 2 years old,which were transported to the laboratory in batches at low temperature.A total of 50 Mactra chinensis were randomly selected from each group,morphological indexes were measured by vernier caliper,and body quality indexes were measured by electronic balance.The growth indexes of different groups of Mactra chinensis were calculated by Excel,including shell weight index and condition factor.Multivariate morphometric methods were used to analyze the morphological data of five wild populations of Mactra chinensis by va

关 键 词：中国蛤蜊 地理群体 形态差异分析 

分 类 号：S968.3[农业科学—水产养殖]