交变磁场对MIG熔钎焊铝铜接头组织性能的影响  

Microstructure and Properties of MIG Welding-Brazing Aluminum Copper Joint with Alternating Magnetic Field

作　　者：王龙 胡德安[1] 陈益平[1] 熊震宇[1] 江淑园[1] 程东海[1] Wang Long;Hu De’an;Chen Yiping;Xiong Zhenyu;Jiang Shuyuan;Cheng Donghai(School of Aeronautical Manufacturing Engineering,Nanchang Hangkong University,Nanchang 330063,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌航空大学航空制造工程学院,江西南昌330063

出　　处：《稀有金属》2022年第12期1657-1662,共6页Chinese Journal of Rare Metals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51865034);南昌航空大学研究生创新专项资金项目(YC2019015)资助。

摘　　要：在熔化极气体保护焊(MIG)中添加交变间歇磁场,采用直径为1.2 mm的ER5356铝镁焊丝作为填充金属,对T2紫铜板和2A16铝合金板进行对接试验,对比分析无磁场和交变磁场对接头的宏观形貌、微观组织和抗拉强度的影响。结果表明:在交变磁场的作用下,焊缝表面成形较好,润湿角(θ)由113.3°降至57.5°,铺展系数(S)由93%增至144%,即润湿性和铺展能力明显提高。在铝铜MIG熔钎焊对接试验中,添加磁场前后界面处金属间化合物(IMC)的种类均无变化,均主要由AlCu和Al_(2)Cu化合物组成,但添加磁场后IMC层形状由平缓转为波浪状,Al_(2)Cu化合物层的厚度和生长方向不一致,起到“自锁”效应,界面无裂纹产生。在焊接工艺参数为:焊接电流(I)=100 A,焊接速度(v)=240 mm·min^(-1),励磁电流(IE)=0.6 A,励磁频率(f)=15 Hz时,接头抗拉强度最大,为135.47 MPa,比无磁场提高了35.88%。随着励磁电流的增大,接头的抗拉强度呈现先增大后减小的趋势;随着励磁频率的增加,抗拉强度反而逐渐减小,且励磁电流对抗拉强度的影响要大于励磁频率。The method of aluminum instead of copper can reduce the cost and weight of the workpiece,which has important research significance and application value.As one of the most widely used welding processes,melt inert-gas welding has the advantages of simple operation,clean and pollution-free and high productivity.A magnetic field was added in the melt inert-gas welding,which was an alternating intermittent field.An aluminum-magnesium wire with a diameter of 1.2 mm and a wire type ER5356 was used as the filler metal.Welding tests were performed on copper and aluminum plates of grade T2 pure copper and aluminum plate of grade 2A16,and the welding method was butt joint.When there was no magnetic field,the macroscopic morphology of the joint,microstructure and the effect of tensile strength were analyzed.When there was an alternating intermittent magnetic field,the analysis of the macroscopic morphology of the joint,microstructure and the impact of tensile strength were analyzed.The results showed that the surface formation of the welded joint was significantly better in the presence of an alternating intermittent magnetic field than in the absence of a magnetic field.The wetting angle of melt inert-gas welding joint was reduced from 113.3°to 57.5°,and the spreading coefficient was increased from 93%to 144%.That was,the wettability and spreading ability of the joints were significantly improved.In the experiments of melting electrode gas shielded welding,the types of intermetallic compounds at the interface did not change before the addition of the magnetic field,and the types of intermetallic compounds at the interface did not change after the addition of the magnetic field.This was because there was no significant change in the atomic content of Al,Cu and Mg before and after the addition of the alternating intermittent magnetic field,i.e.,there was no change in the types of compounds generated in the intermetallic compound layer and the transition layer.The intermetallic compound layer consisted mainly of AlCu compou

关 键 词：熔化极气体保护焊 交变间歇磁场 润湿角(θ) 铺展系数(S) 励磁电流(IE) 

分 类 号：TG444.74[金属学及工艺—焊接]