泡沫铝吸波性能及表面改性研究  

Wave Absorbing Properties of Aluminium Foam and Its Surface Modification

作　　者：王耀奇 刘文祎 褚楚 李红 Wang Yaoqi;Liu Wenyi;Chu Chu;Li Hong(Manufacturing Technology Institute,Aviation Industry Corporation of China,Ltd,Beijing 100024,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航空制造技术研究院金属成形技术研究所,北京100024

出　　处：《稀有金属》2022年第12期1663-1668,共6页Chinese Journal of Rare Metals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(50875249)资助。

摘　　要：为了进一步提升泡沫铝的吸波性能,利用喷涂法在泡沫铝表面涂敷了一层吸波剂涂层,采用数码相机、扫描电镜对喷涂前后泡沫铝表面形貌及吸波涂层形貌进行了观察,利用雷达截面法测量了泡沫铝的吸波性能,研究了泡沫铝的密度、厚度以及吸波剂厚度对泡沫铝吸波性能的影响。结果显示,随着密度的降低,泡沫铝孔隙的尺寸增加,孔壁减薄。喷涂吸波剂后,泡沫铝孔隙形貌未发生显著变化,吸波剂会在孔隙底部聚集,甚至会填满孔隙。泡沫铝的密度对其吸波性能影响显著,密度小于 0.405 g·cm^(-3)的泡沫铝才具有一定的吸波性能,且随着频率的增加,吸波性能增强,密度为 0.210 g·cm^(-3)的泡沫铝在 18.00 GHz 时电磁波反射率达-3.01 dB。泡沫铝的厚度对其吸波性能影响不大。喷涂吸波剂涂层后,泡沫铝吸波性能增强,当吸波剂厚度为 1.23 mm 时,泡沫铝的电磁波反射率达到-11.12 dB。泡沫铝的吸波特性是由泡沫铝密度、表面吸波涂层、电磁波频率共同作用的结果。Aluminum foam was a new material with large pores in aluminum alloy matrix. It had not only the mechanical properties of light weight,high specific strength and specific stiffness,but also physical properties such as shock absorption,noise reduction and electromagnetic protection,which had attracted wide attention from scholars at home and abroad. In terms of electromagnetic protection,the scholars at home and abroad had conducted in-depth research on it. Research showed that aluminum foam not only had good electromagnetic shielding performance,but also had a certain wave absorbing property. In order to further improve the absorbing properties of aluminium foam,the absorbing coating was coated on the surface of aluminium foam by the spraying method. Magnetic ferrite was selected as the absorbing agent,and the coating thickness was controlled by adjusting the spraying times. In order to enhance the bonding between aluminum foam and absorbing coating,aluminum foam was treated in the sodium hydroxide solution of 5%(volume fraction). The morphology of aluminium foam and absorbing coating were observed by digital camera and scanning electron microscope(SEM). The absorbing properties of aluminium foam were measured by radar cross section(RCS)method based on GJB 2038A-2011The effects of density and thickness of aluminum foam on the absorbing properties of aluminium foam were studied. The effects of thickness of absorbing coating on the absorbing properties of aluminium foam were investigated too. The results showed that the pore size of aluminium foam increased,and the pore wall thickness decreased with the density decreasing. When the density of aluminium foam was high,the pores of the aluminium foam were spherical or ellipsoidal. However,when the density of aluminium foam was low,the pores of aluminium foam were polygonal and irregular. After spraying the absorbing coating,the morphology of aluminium foam did not change significantly. The absorbing coating accumulated at the pore bottom of aluminium foam and even fill

关 键 词：泡沫铝 吸波涂层 雷达波 吸波性能 

分 类 号：TB3[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]