不同岩石风化产物La^(3+)吸附特性对稀土成矿的启示  

Enlightenment of Characteristics of La^(3+)Adsorption on Different Rock Weathering Products on Rare Earth Mineralization

作　　者：温腾 王观石[1] 谢芳芳 罗嗣海[1] 尹升华[4] 刘剑[2] Wen Teng;Wang Guanshi;Xie Fangfang;Luo Sihai;Yin Shenghua;Liu Jian(School of Civil and Surveying&Mapping Engineering,Jiangxi University of Science and Technology,Ganzhou 341000,China;School of Resources and Environment Engineering,Jiangxi University of Science and Technolo-gy,Ganzhou 341000,China;Mining Research Laboratory,Jiangxi Ionic Rare Earth Engineering Research Co.,Ltd.,Ganzhou 341000,China;Civil and Resource Engineering School,University of Science and Technology Bei-jing,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]江西理工大学土木与测绘工程学院,江西赣州341000 [2]江西理工大学资源与环境工程学院,江西赣州341000 [3]江西离子型稀土工程技术研究有限公司,江西赣州341000 [4]北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《稀有金属》2022年第11期1469-1478,共10页Chinese Journal of Rare Metals

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51874147,51664015);国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC0605001)资助。

摘　　要：稀土元素在不同岩石风化产物上的吸附特性与离子型稀土的富集成矿存在某种联系。为探究该种联系,以La^(3+)为吸附质,以江西寻乌(火山岩型)、安远(混合岩型)两种不同矿床类型的离子型稀土矿为吸附剂,考察了不同氯化镧浓度(0.1,0.4和0.8 g·L^(-1))下La^(3+)在两种不同岩石风化产物上的吸附特性。将La^(3+)吸附量与两种稀土矿配分特点、颗粒表面性质关联,探讨了稀土矿富集特点,为稀土矿成矿机制的研究提供启示。结果表明:(1)两种稀土矿La^(3+)吸附量并非与氯化镧浓度成正比,存在最大吸附量,对应氯化镧浓度为0.4 g·L^(-1)。(2)不同稀土矿对La^(3+)吸附存在差异,该差异性由颗粒表面电位主导,表面电位绝对值越大,La^(3+)吸附量越大。(3)La^(3+)在寻乌、安远矿的吸附主要以可交换态为主,相较而言,寻乌矿与La^(3+)的“亲和力”更强,更易形成特异性吸附。这种特异性吸附与不同稀土矿的富集模式存在某种关系,即稀土矿富集模式的不同可能因RE^(3+)与不同岩石风化产物的亲和力不同所致。The adsorption characteristics of rare earth elements on different rock weathering products are related to the enrichment of ion-absorbed type rare earth.To provide enlightenment for the study of rare earth mineralization mechanism,the adsorption characteristics of La^(3+)by two kinds of ion-absorbed type rare earth ores were analyzed.Through correlating the adsorption amount of La^(3+)with partition characteristics,specific surface area of particles and surface charge properties of ores,the enrichment mechanism of rare earth ore was discussed.Firstly,the adsorption experiment of La^(3+)on kaolin was carried out.Lanthanum chloride solutions with concentration of 0.025,0.05,0.075,0.1,0.15,0.2,0.25,0.3,0.4,0.45,0.5,0.6,0.8,1 g·L^(-1)were prepared.Kaolin and lanthanum chloride solutions were added according tosolid-liquid ratio of 1∶5,and then placed on a magnetic stirrer(300 r·min-1,30℃)for 4 h.Concentration of La^(3+)in the supernatant was determined by Arsenazo III spectrophotometry.Relationship between the initial concentration of lanthanum chloride and the adsorption capacity of La^(3+)was analyzed.Secondly,the initial concentrations of lanthanum chloride were determinedby referring to the concentration corresponding to adsorption amount of La^(3+)rising,steady and re-rising on Kaolin.According to the solid-liquid ratio of 1∶5,lanthanum chloride solutionand dry ore samples which from Xunwu(volcanics weathering products)and Anyuan(migmatite weathering products)were added respectively.The particle size of ore samples was-0.1 mm.Adsorption and test process as before.When ores were not saturated,separated supernatant and added lanthanum chloride with the same initial concentration,repeated the above operation.Adsorption capacities of La^(3+)on these two ores were compared,and partition,specific surface area and surface potential of ores were tested.Finally,the adsorption form and content of La^(3+)adsorbed on these two ores were analyzed through desorption test.Adsorption of La^(3+)on kaolin can be divided

关 键 词：离子型稀土 成矿 吸附 解吸 胶体 富集 

分 类 号：TD865[矿业工程—金属矿开采]