新藏铁路生态环境特征及保护对策研究  

Research on Ecological Environment Characteristics and Protection Countermeasures of the Xinjiang-Tibet Railway

作　　者：杨忠平 王冠柏 周立波 夏先芳[1] 邵明耀[1] 吴琼 郎志峰 YANG Zhongping;WANG Guanbai;ZHOU Libo;XIA Xianfang;SHAO Mingyao;WU Qiong;LANG Zhifeng(China Railway First Survey and Design Institute Group Co.,Ltd.,Xi'an 710043,China;Shaanxi Railway and Underground Traffic Engineering Key Laboratory(FSDI),Xi'an 710043,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司,西安710043 [2]陕西省铁道及地下交通工程重点实验室(中铁一院),西安710043

出　　处：《铁道标准设计》2023年第2期178-182,共5页Railway Standard Design

基　　金：中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司科技研究开发计划项目(院科19-76)。

摘　　要：新藏铁路已纳入《“十四五”现代综合交通运输体系发展规划》,在开展前期工作之际,为做好新藏铁路的生态环境保护工作,通过资料收集、遥感解译、叠图对照等方法,研究新藏铁路沿线的生态脆弱性、环境敏感区分布、动植物分布特征等,并与青藏铁路、某在建高原铁路进行对比分析,提出新藏铁路生态环境保护对策。研究结果表明:(1)新藏铁路约80%线路位于生态极度脆弱区域和重度脆弱区域;(2)沿线环境敏感区数量多、面积大、保护对象重要、社会关注度高;(3)沿线湿地资源丰富,植被类型以草原为主,动物区系主要为高地型。新藏铁路大部分区段位于青藏高原复合侵蚀生态脆弱区,沿线生态环境原始、独特、敏感、脆弱,与青藏铁路格拉段生态环境特征类似,与某在建高原铁路区别较大,基于新藏铁路生态环境特征提出的保护对策可用于指导新藏铁路环境保护前期工作。The Xinjiang-Tibet Railway has been included in The 14th Five-year Plan for the Development of Modern Comprehensive Transportation System. In order to do a good job in the ecological environment protection of the Xinjiang-Tibet Railway, ecological vulnerability, distribution of environmentally sensitive areas, distribution characteristics of animals and plants along the Xinjiang-Tibet Railway are researched and compared with the Qinghai-Tibet Railway and a plateau railway under construction by means of data collection, remote sensing interpretation, overlay comparison and other methods while carrying out the preliminary work. Then countermeasures for ecological environment protection of the Xinjiang-Tibet Railway are put forward. The research results show that about 80% of the line length of the Xinjiang-Tibet Railway is located in the ecologically extremely vulnerable and severely vulnerable areas. Along the railway, there are many large environmentally sensitive areas of great protection importance and high social attention. Wetland resources are abundant along the route, grassland dominates the vegetation and the fauna is mainly highland type. Most sections of the Xinjiang-Tibet Railway are located in the ecologically fragile areas of complex erosion on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The ecological environment along the Xinjiang-Tibet Railway is primitive, unique, sensitive and fragile, which is similar to the ecological environment of the Golmud-Lhasa section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway, and is quite different from the plateau railway under construction. The protection countermeasures based on the ecological environment characteristics of the Xinjiang-Tibet Railway can be used to guide the preliminary work of the Xinjiang Railway’s environmental protection.

关 键 词：新藏铁路 生态脆弱性 环境敏感区 动植物分布 湿地资源 保护对策 

分 类 号：X821[环境科学与工程—环境工程] U21[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]