土壤坡面侵蚀模型在水土流失监测中的应用研究  

Application of Soil Sloping Erosion Model in Soil and Water Loss Monitoring

作　　者：王识然 张琪 崔佳慧 刘健 王宇[4] WANG Shiran;ZHANG Qi;CUI Jiahui;LIU Jian;WANG Yu(Ecological Environment Monitoring and Scientific Research Center,Songliao Basin Ecological Environment Supervision Administration,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Changchun Jilin 130021;Jilin Province Water Resources and Hydropower Survey and Institute,Changchun Jilin 130021;Jilin Provincial Soil and Fertilizer Station,Changchun Jilin 130033;Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun Jilin 130018)

机构地区：[1]生态环境部松辽流域生态环境监督管理局生态环境监测与科学研究中心,吉林长春130021 [2]吉林省水利水电勘测设计研究院,吉林长春130021 [3]吉林省土壤肥料总站,吉林长春130033 [4]吉林农业大学,吉林长春130018

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2023年第5期158-161,共4页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：松辽流域全国水土流失动态监测与公告项目“水土保持业务”(126205012000150001)。

摘　　要：土壤坡面侵蚀模型是当前水土流失监测预报的重要工具,明确其应用存在的问题有助于指导生产实践并提升水土流失监测与水土保持评价的科学性。采用同一数据源,对比研究三因子模型、USLE模型及CSLE模型的坡面侵蚀监测结果,揭示了3种模型侵蚀强度分级的差异性。三因子模型与USLE模型的侵蚀等级划分结果相近,而CSLE模型划分的侵蚀等级偏高。CSLE模型划分的中度及以下等级侵蚀分布在3.0°以下坡耕地,5.0°以上坡耕地以强烈及以上侵蚀等级为主且极强烈和剧烈侵蚀面积占总侵蚀面积的80%以上,3.0°~5.0°的坡耕地各侵蚀强度等级所占比例相当,5.0°可以确定为东北地区坡耕地侵蚀强度由轻变重的临界坡度。Soil sloping erosion model is an important tool for current soil and water loss monitoring and forecasting.Clarifying the problems in its application is helpful to guide production practices and improve the scientificity of soil and water loss monitoring and soil and water conservation assessment.Using the same data source,this paper compared and studied the results of sloping erosion monitoring of the three-factor model,the USLE model,and the CSLE model,and revealed the differences in erosion intensity classification among the three model.The erosion classification result of the three-factor model was similar to that of the USLE model,while the erosion classification of the CSLE model was relatively high.According to the classification of the CSLE model,the moderate and below erosion was distributed in sloping farmland below 3.0°,the sloping farmland above 5.0°was dominated by strong and above erosion,and the area of extremely strong and severe erosion accounted for more than 80%of the erosion area.The proportions of each erosion intensity grade of sloping farmland from 3.0°to 5.0°was similar,and 5.0°could be determined as the critical slope of the sloping farmland erosion intensity from light to heavy in northeastern China.

关 键 词：土壤侵蚀模型 坡面 水土流失监测 侵蚀强度 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学]