淡竹水土保持应用研究  

Applied research on soil and water conservation of Phyllostachys glanca Mcclure

作　　者：石丽丽 SHI Li-Li(Water and Soil Conservation Department of Hebei Province,Shijiazhuang,Hebei 050011)

机构地区：[1]河北省水土保持工作总站,河北石家庄050011

出　　处：《河北林业科技》2022年第4期14-17,共4页Journal of Hebei Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：河北省水利厅科学技术研究项目“河北省竹类资源评价及在水土保持和生态景观中的应用研究(冀水科研2014-23)”。

摘　　要：为探究竹子在北方地区的水土保持作用,选择淡竹作为代表性品种,对其林下枯落物持水特性、土壤水分、根系植物冠层截留雨水等能力指标进行研究。结果表明:(1)淡竹枯落物在最初3h之内吸水速度增加迅速,尤其是0.5h。(2)竹林内土壤含水率0~60cm,土层内高出空白对照4.71个百分点。土壤水分变化结论,内吸水速度增加最快;3a生淡竹林下枯落物最大吸水率为自身重量的1.21倍,当年每公顷枯落物约有5.63t,可吸收约6.82t降雨。(3)竹林表层土壤中以小于1mm的根系为主,主要分布在0~20cm土层中。(4)淡竹枝叶最大吸水率为40.6%,冠层截留降水量为3.36mm。综上所述,竹子茂密的枝叶可截留雨水,竹根盘根错节,可固持土壤,有效防止水土流失,且竹子生长速度快,适应能力强,在北方地区水土保持治理区有着广阔的应用前景。In order to study the effect of bamboo on soil and water conservation in northern China,freshwater bamboo was selected as the representative species,and the water-holding characteristics of litter,soil moisture and water-holding capacity of root canopy were studied.The results showed that the water absorption rate of phyllostachysedulis litter increased rapidly within the first 3 hours,especially within 0.5 hours. The maximum water absorption rate of litter was 1.21 times of its own weight in 3-year-old freshwater bamboo forest. The litter was about 5.63 tons per hectare and could absorb 6.82 tons of rainfall. The root system of bamboo forest is 0-1mm in the topsoil,mainly distributed in the 0~20cm soil layer.The dense branches and leaves of bamboo can intercept rain water,and the tangled roots can hold up soil and effectively prevent soil erosion. Besides,bamboo grows fast and has strong adaptability,so it has a broad application prospect in water and soil conservation and control areas in northern China.

关 键 词：淡竹 水土保持 北方地区 应用前景 

分 类 号：S795.7[农业科学—林木遗传育种]