基于GIS的陕西省工业水污染排放空间分布研究  

GIS-based study on spatial distribution of industrial water pollution discharge in Shaanxi Province

作　　者：冯园 王亚萍 范亚宁 张倩 高原 FENG Yuan;WANGI Yaping;FAN Yaning;ZHANG Qian;GAO Yuan(Shaanxi Academy of Environmental Sciences,Xi′an 710061,Shaanxi,China;Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西省环境科学研究院,陕西西安710061 [2]中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《水利水电技术（中英文）》2023年第1期128-137,共10页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFC1808900);陕西省重点研发计划(2021ZDLSF05-05)。

摘　　要：【目的】陕西省工业基础力量雄厚,工业资源优势突出。鉴于其位于黄河中上游,确定其水污染排放空间布局特点,对于促进陕西省与黄河流域环境污染协同治理,具有重要意义。【方法】根据陕西省2020年环境统计数据,运用GIS中的相关核密度评估空间分析工具,研究陕西省工业源水污染排放空间分布格局。【结果】结果显示:(1)陕西省工业源水污染源排放主要集聚在关中平原地区,渭河水系沿岸1 km以内最为聚集,其工业污染源数量共94家,工业废水COD、工业NH3-N排放量分别占全省的7.18%、6.67%。(2)陕西省内工业废水COD和工业NH3-N排放量最高的产业集中在化学原料和化学制品制造业,酒、饮料和精制茶制造业,农副食品加工业,煤炭开采和洗选业等。(3)陕西省工业废水COD排放密度最高的区域主要位于渭南市;工业废水NH3-N排放密度最高的区域主要位于宝鸡市、西安市及渭南市。【结论】结果表明:陕西省工业源废水污染物排放应重点关注关中地区的渭河流域,同时也需强抓化学原料和化学制品制造业、酒、饮料和精制茶制造业、农副食品加工业、煤炭开采和洗选业等行业的水污染综合治理。研究成果可为陕西省的产业布局以及水环境治理提供参考。[Objective] Shaanxi Province has a strong industrial foundation with outstanding advantages in industrial resources. As it is located in the region of the Middle and Upper Yellow River, the determination of the spatial layout characteristics of its water pollution discharge has a great positive significance for promoting the collaborative control of the environmental pollutions in Shaanxi Province and the Yellow River Basin. [Methods] In accordance with the environmental statistic data of Shaanxi Province in 2020, the spatial distribution pattern of the industrial source water pollution discharges in the province is studied herein with the relevant kernel density estimation spatial analysis tools in GIS. [Results] The result shows that(1) the discharge of industrial source water pollutions in Shaanxi Province are mainly concentrated in Guanzhong Plain with the most concentrated areas within the region of 1 km along Weihe River, in which the number of the industrial pollution sources are 94 with the industrial wastewater COD and the industrial NH3-N emissions of 7.18% and 6.67% respectively within the proportion of those of the province;(2) the industries with the highest emissions of industrial wastewater COD and the industrial NH3-N in the province are concentrated in the industries of chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing, wine, beverage and refined tea manufacturing, agricultural and sideline food processing, coal mining and washing, etc;(3) the areas with the highest COD emission density are mainly located in Weinan City, while the areas with the highest NH3-N emission density are mainly located in Baoji City, Xi′an City, and Weinan City.[Conclusion] The discharge of pollutants from industrial wastewater in Shaanxi Province should focus on the Weihe River basin in Guanzhong area, and the comprehensive control of water pollution in chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing, wine, beverage and refined tea manufacturing, agricultural and sideline food processing industry,

关 键 词：核密度评估 空间分析 工业水污染排放 陕西省 水资源 黄河流域 水污染防治 黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]