气井堵塞问题及解堵方法研究进展  

Research Progress of Gas Well Plugging Problem and Plugging Relief Method

作　　者：刘婵 都特 高同福 郑艳 刘磊 李颖涛 李善建[2] LIU Chan;DU Te;GAO Tongfu;ZHENG Yan;LIU Lei;LI Yingtao;LI Shanjian(No.1 Production Plant of Yanchang Gas Field,Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum Liability Co.,Ltd.,Yanan,Shaanxi 716000,China;School of Chemical Engineering,Xi'an Shiyou University,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西延长石油责任有限公司延长气田采气一厂,陕西延安716000 [2]西安石油大学化学化工学院,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《石油工业技术监督》2023年第3期57-61,共5页Technology Supervision in Petroleum Industry

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划“空气泡沫驱油采油及集输系统防腐防垢一体化技术研究”(编号:2022GY-144);陕西省二氧化碳封存与提高采收率重点实验室开放基金“CO_(2)驱注采输系统腐蚀机理与防腐防垢一体化研究”(编号:YJSYZX22SKF0002)。

摘　　要：气井的长时间生产会导致生产管柱出现堵塞现象,不仅会增加气井开采的施工难度,而且对修井作业也会产生一定程度的影响,甚至可能会大幅度地降低气井的产气量。气井堵塞物的主要类型有井下腐蚀产物、钻井后的残余物、天然气水合物、相关化学药剂、元素硫等。在生产过程中,随着地层采出水的运移,井筒内还会存在一定的结垢堵塞问题。目前我国气井解堵的方法一般分为物理解堵法、化学解堵法或二者结合的方式。物理解堵法是通过声波、脉冲、机械振动等方式借助流体向地层及附着其上的堵塞物传递能量来解除地层堵塞,包括高压水力射流、超声波、水力振荡、水力压裂、循环脉冲等解堵技术。化学解堵法是将不同类型的解堵剂注入地层,解除胶质、沥青等堵塞物对储层造成的伤害。The long time production of gas wells will lead to the plugging phenomenon of production string,which will not only increase the difficulty of gas well exploitation,but also have a certain degree of adverse impact on the workover operation,and may even greatly reduce the production of gas wells.The main types of gas well blockages include downhole corrosion products,residual after drilling,gas hydrates,related chemical agents,elemental sulfur,etc.In the process of production,with the migration of produced water,there will be some scaling blockage in the wellbore.At present,the methods of gas well plugging removal are generally divided into physical method or chemical method and the combination of both methods.Physical methods of plugging removal is to remove the plugs in the formation by means of fluid passing on energy to the formation and plugging materials on it through the modes of sound wave,impulse,and mechanical vibration,including technologies of plug removal like high-pressure hydraulic jet,ultrasonic wave,hydraulic oscillation,hydraulic fracturing,cyclic pulse and so on.Chemical method of plug removal is to inject different types of plugging removal agent into the formation so as to remove the damage of plugging substances such as pectin and asphalt.

关 键 词：气井 气井堵塞原因 物理解堵法 化学解堵法 

分 类 号：TE375[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]